27 October 2026
Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal classification plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and prevention of arrhythmias. However, the diversity of ECG signals, data imbalance, and the limitations of traditional models in generalization po...
27 October 2026
We compared a rapid fifth-generation (5G) objectiveFIELD Analyser® (OFA®) test with two fourth-generation (4G) 8 min tests in the assessment of glaucoma. We assessed the relative diagnostic power of these three OFA tests, namely two high-reso...
Smartwatch heart-rate (HR) displays may be inaccurate during rapid post-exercise transitions. This study evaluated timepoint-specific smartwatch–electrocardiography (ECG) error and its reproducibility across three resistance-exercise sessions....
A method is described for the culture of adherent cells to high densities in the protective environment of alginate tubes. Microcarriers (MCs) are co-extruded with 0.8 million cells/mL in submillimeter alginate tubes to create internal surfaces of ~1...
Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved from a predominantly experimental technology into an increasingly relevant component of digital dentistry [...]
Accurate transfer of implant position to the virtual model is essential for digital implant prosthodontic workflows. Although scan body geometry and CAD software may affect this process, evidence regarding their combined effect remains limited. This...
Speech and language disorders in pediatric populations can adversely affect communication, learning, cognitive development, and social interaction, making early and accurate diagnosis essential for effective intervention. This study proposes a Hierar...
This study analyzed whether the change in mechanical load during a moderate intensity run, measured with accelerometers, could be explained by neuromuscular fatigue, assessed with surface electromyography (sEMG). Twenty-eight amateur runners complete...
A mechanoregulatory numerical model of mandibular bone remodeling was proposed. The model incorporated regional calibration of the adaptation parameter in the Huiskes–Weinans remodeling law across 16 anatomical regions (eight cancellous and eig...
Neurotransmitters are key factors for cell communication within the central and peripheral nervous systems. Recent evidence indicates that they also regulate the function of non-neuronal tissues, including cartilage, as chondrocytes express neurotran...
Caenorhabditis elegans is a premier model organism for aging and neurobiology research, valued for its short lifespan, optical transparency, genetic tractability, and well-mapped nervous system. Automated imaging without immobilization is an importan...
Lung segmentation is often used to restrict chest radiograph classifiers to pulmonary anatomy, but its observed effects may vary across acquisition settings, mask sources, and model configurations. We evaluated radiology-report-derived pneumonia clas...
This preclinical investigation examined whether optical see-through augmented reality (AR) can transfer planned fronto-orbital cutting paths during simulated frontal debossing compared with patient-specific CAD/CAM cutting guides (CGs). Twenty printe...
Background: Older patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) may deteriorate neurologically even when their initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is 13–15. This study evaluated whether TabTransformer could predict neurological deterioration wi...
Microsatellite instability (MSI) status classification based on colorectal cancer histology using deep learning can be challenging when training data are limited. For exploration, this study investigates traditional data augmentation strategies, quan...
Protein adsorption on titanium-based surfaces is governed by interacting material, surface, and protein properties that complicate quantitative prediction across different experimental systems. This study presents a physics-informed materials-informa...
Bioelectric signaling plays an essential role in regulating cellular, tissue, and organ functions. Electroceuticals (ECs) are device-mediated interventions that modulate biological activity through controlled electrical stimulation or related neuromo...
Multidimensional reliability scores have been proposed as better criteria than confidence for deferring clinical predictions to clinicians. We evaluated reliability-gated deferral for sepsis, mortality, and vasopressor prediction in intensive care pa...
Biomedical imaging has become an important component of modern healthcare, supporting disease detection, characterization, treatment planning, and therapeutic monitoring [...]
Early and accurate skin cancer diagnosis is critical for improving patient outcomes, yet current deep learning classifiers often suffer from limited convergence stability, underutilize patient-level metadata, and lack traceable diagnostic reasoning....
Vascularization remains a major limitation in tissue engineering, particularly for large or complex grafts requiring rapid perfusion after implantation. Perfusion-based decellularization is a promising strategy to preserve native vascular architectur...
Background: Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential for clinical decision support. However, the diagnostic performance of newly released frontier models—including GPT-5 and Gemini 2.5 Pro—in gastroenterology remains insufficient...
Background: Orthodontic treatment is widely performed in young populations, yet its post-treatment functional associations beyond dental occlusion remain poorly understood. The cranio-cervico-hyoid complex plays a central role in posture, swallowing,...
Objective: Flow-diverting devices treat intracranial aneurysms by modifying blood exchange between the parent artery and aneurysm. We quantified local flow changes after implantation using patient-specific Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Methods:...
Background: Deep learning-based placental MRI segmentation could enable quantitative assessment of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), but models developed using one MRI sequence may not generalize reliably to another, potentially compromising downstrea...
Adequate understanding of tissue optical characteristics is the foundation of laser-based diagnostics and phototherapy. This paper introduces an integrated experimental-computational-engineering framework for laser-based characterization of biologica...
Background: Establishing a direct functional relationship between structural abnormalities and a patient’s symptoms remains one of the greatest challenges in musculoskeletal medicine. Conventional diagnostic tools—clinical examination, st...
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures structural damage in glaucoma objectively and quantitatively. The extent and location of that damage correspond to the severity and position of visual field loss. One OCT session yields two representations...
Multi-structure segmentation in brachial plexus ultrasound requires delineating small nerves alongside larger muscles and vessels despite ambiguous tissue boundaries. We propose MOSBNet, which combines category-conditioned feature processing, multi-s...
The closer a cancer model simulates the natural tumour environment, the more likely is a new therapeutic approach tested in this environment to succeed in clinical trials. A three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model provides several advantages over a...
This single-case report examines dermoscopy-indexed peripheral line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) reassessment during carbon dioxide (CO2) laser unroofing of a clinically suspected basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The proposed imagi...
Direct three-dimensional (3D) printing of clear aligners has introduced distinct material, manufacturing, mechanical, and biological considerations. This narrative review aims to critically synthesize evidence on the materials science, additive-manuf...
Objectives: Non-pharmacological interventions for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are typically studied as single modalities over months; long-term, multi-modal outcome data in one individual, of clear relevance to the psychiatric care of older adults...
Biological matrices are used in abdominal wall reconstruction, but their performance depends on the host response after implantation. We compared the early local and systemic biochemical responses to a newly developed bovine peritoneum-derived extrac...
Deep learning has significantly enhanced one-dimensional biosignal processing in wearable devices by enabling accurate and intelligent signal analysis. Wearable devices operate using optimized model parameters obtained through offline training. Howev...
“Inflammaging” is the presence of continuous systemic low-level chronic inflammation with increasing age, and impairs bone healing. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) promotes the migration of macrophages during acute inflammation, and s...
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of chronic low back pain and disability worldwide. Although current treatment strategies effectively alleviate symptoms, they do not restore disc structure or reverse the underlying biological p...
Cell and tissue products used in regenerative medicine are classified differently across jurisdictions according to processing, intended use, and manufacturing setting. This review compares regulatory approaches to products including bone marrow aspi...
Wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) may facilitate quantitative assessment of upper-limb motor function outside laboratory settings; however, the validity of IMU-derived movement smoothness metrics compared with optical motion capture remains...
Efficient racket acceleration in tennis is commonly attributed to the kinetic chain, but a mechanical model must specify how energy stored at successive joints is released and transferred to the racket. We formulate a minimal planar body–arm&nd...
Noninvasive blood glucose prediction using near-infrared spectroscopy remains challenging due to weak glucose-specific absorption, tissue variability, and environmental interference. This study proposes a multispectral photoplethysmography (PPG)-base...
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a major cause of early morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. During blood-based ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), hemolysis releases plasma-free hemoglobin (pfHb) and other erythrocyte-derived products th...
Background: Diabetic nephropathy gene panels come from small kidney transcriptome cohorts, where screening and adaptive search inflate performance. Evolutionary multi-objective search balances panel size, accuracy, and biological coherence, but dense...
Post-stroke upper limb spasticity is a common condition characterized by increased muscle tone which interferes with rehabilitation, limits functional activities, and imposes a significant burden on patients and caregivers. Current treatments, includ...
Heart failure (HF) is frequently accompanied by congestion and fluid accumulation, which are key drivers of decompensation and hospitalization. Bioimpedance wearable sensors (BI), coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) and clinical decision-suppor...
Sit-to-stand (STS) transfer is fundamental to many activities of daily living, but it is difficult for individuals with motor dysfunction or impairment. This study presents an observer-based impedance-control framework for a lower-limb exoskeleton ro...
The advent of generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs) and deep generative networks, is transforming the landscape of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) research and care. This narrative re...
Periprosthetic femoral fracture (PFF) is an increasingly recognized complication following cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA); it is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality and often occurring several years after implantation. Although...
Cognitive diseases/disorders are a major cause of disability affecting millions of people worldwide due to pathologies or conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, vascular cognitive impairment, and attention deficit/hy...
Multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) provides spatial information for emotion recognition but requires more complex signal acquisition than single-channel EEG. This study proposes a multi-channel-to-single-channel knowledge transfer framework t...
