Most Recent

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) remains a significant public health challenge, with an 82.1% increase in related fatalities from 1990 to 2019. In the United States alone, AAA complications resulted in an estimated 13,640 deaths between 2018 and 2021....

Carotid plaque classification based on ultrasound echogenicity and quantification of plaque burden are crucial in stroke risk assessment. In this work, we propose a framework that leverages the synergy between classification and segmentation by shari...

The anatomy and mechanical strength of aortic valve leaflets are critical determinants of their biomechanical behavior and long-term structural integrity. The embryonic developmental period, when valves are forming, is critical to establish baseline...

Retinal transplantation offers promise for restoring vision in advanced retinal degeneration. However, manual delivery of retinal sheets is often hindered by imprecise placement and collateral tissue damage resulting from instrument instability. We i...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are widely used in the treatment of several cancers and have significantly improved survival outcomes in responsive patients. However, a substantial proportion of patients fail to be...

The management of operating rooms (ORs) is one of the most studied topics in operations research applied to healthcare. In particular, scheduling elective surgeries in a pediatric and teaching hospital can be a challenge because disruptions occur fre...

Background/Objectives: Several studies in the literature support that endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) could exert a harmful effect on heart function, causing myocardial injury. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation of high-sensiti...

The current study investigated proximal femur bone shape asymmetry and its associations with cartilage composition and functional performance in individuals with hip osteoarthritis (OA). Forty-seven participants with hip OA (mean age: 53.77 ±...

Accurate intraoperative differentiation between malignant and benign breast tissues, particularly the assessment of lymph node status and tumor margins, is critical for surgical decision-making and prognosis. Traditional histopathological methods, su...

Filter cake (or cachaza), a residue generated in the artisanal production of panela, represents an under-explored source of renewable energy in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Valorizing filter cake could reduce the use of solid biomass and emissions associat...

Background: Breast cancer diagnosis increasingly relies on ultrasound imaging, but challenges related to operator dependency and image quality limitations necessitate automated segmentation approaches. Traditional U-Net architectures, while widely us...

To provide deeper insights into the complex and multidimensional nature of swimming start performance, the present study aimed to determine its key performance indicators (KPIs) and provide percentile-based reference values for elite junior and adult...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, with a median overall survival of fewer than 15 months despite standard-of-care treatment. Accurate preoperative prognostication is essential for personalized treatme...

In the context of minimally invasive spine surgery, accurately estimating the 3D coordinates of the vertebrae from intraoperative 2D X-ray images is crucial for aligning preoperative data with the patient’s real-time posture. However, existing...

Background: Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) has revolutionized advanced heart failure and cardiogenic shock management, yet randomized controlled trials have failed to demonstrate consistent mortality benefits with temporary devices, and outcome...

Medical artificial intelligence (AI) systems depend heavily on high-quality data representations to support accurate prediction, diagnosis, and clinical decision-making. However, the availability of large, well-annotated medical datasets is often con...

The degradation of intervertebral disc proteoglycans, including the loss or shortening of their hydrophilic glycosaminoglycan chains, causes a loss of disc hydration, leading to an increase in solid matrix stresses. This illustrates one aspect of the...

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of multifunctional nanoplatforms that significantly enhance both cancer diagnosis and treatment. Gold-based nanoparticles, such as peptide-functionalized nanostructures and PEG-coated...

This study explores the feasibility of estimating tibiofemoral joint contact forces using deep learning models trained on in vivo biomechanical data. Leveraging the comprehensive CAMS-Knee datasets, we developed and evaluated two machine learning net...

Cell movement is central to processes in biology, medicine, and environmental science. Microfluidic technologies have opened new possibilities for studying chemotaxis and motility by creating precise chemical gradients and realistic microenvironments...

(1) Background: Thermal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an innovative treatment for benign thyroid nodules. This study aims to identify morphological and texture-based cytological parameters through radiomic and cytological analysis of fine-needle a...

Chronic respiratory diseases, the third leading cause of mortality on a global scale, can be diagnosed at an early stage through non-invasive auscultation. However, effective manual differentiation of lung sounds (LSs) requires not only sharp auditor...

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders represent chronic degenerative musculoskeletal conditions with a high prevalence in the general population and limited regenerative treatment options. Owing to the insufficient efficacy of current conservative...

Polyurethane-based implantable devices (PUIDs) delivered via catheter are increasingly used in structural heart interventions; however, limited in vivo data exist regarding their long-term biostability and biological safety. This study evaluated a ba...

The growing number of wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) users today, combined with the surge of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in medical signal-processing, has led to a new age of wearable-enabled monitoring for cardiac condit...

Background: Real-time phase-contrast magnetic resonance (RT-PCMR) imaging allows free-breathing assessment of blood flow across cardiac valves and vessels. However, the feasibility of free-breathing RT-PCMR on a mid-field (0.55T) MRI system has yet t...

Smart devices and multimodal biosignal systems, including electroencephalography (EEG/MEG), ECG-derived heart rate variability (HRV), and electromyography (EMG), increasingly supported by artificial intelligence (AI), are being explored to improve th...

Agitation-related movements in intensive care units (ICUs), such as unintended tube removal and bed exit attempts, pose significant risks to patient safety. The wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) offer a potential means of capturing such move...

Background: This study evaluated time-dependent changes in anchor hole width (AHW) and their association with postoperative medial meniscus extrusion (MME) in patients undergoing open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) with medial meniscus posterior...

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been the standard for computer vision tasks including applications in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have been introduced, which have emerged as a strong alternative to C...

Glass ionomer-based restorative materials are widely used in pediatric dentistry because of their chemical adhesion to tooth structure, ion-releasing capacity, and clinical handling advantages; however, their mechanical durability under simulated ora...

Background/Objectives: The segmentation of three-dimensional radiological images constitutes a fundamental task in medical image processing for isolating tumors from complex datasets in computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Precise visua...

Synthesized by expressing natural collagen sequences in specific hosts, recombinant collagen exhibits multiple advantages, encompassing a higher content of bioactive domains, enhanced antioxidant activity, the absence of viral pathogens, favorable hy...

Marine ecosystems represent a largely untapped reservoir of bioactive compounds with significant pharmacological potential. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic properties of ethanol extracts from four marine species: Padina australis, Spatog...

Background: Accurate and dependable brain tumor classification from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for clinical decision support, yet remains challenging due to inter-dataset variability, heterogeneous tumor appearances, and limited ge...

This study evaluated the clinical outcomes associated with quantitative phase microscopy (QPM), an advanced 3D morphological sperm analysis technique using a virtual, stained model developed in our facility that indicates whether the inspected sperm...

Purpose: In this systematic review, we compare the effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in treating lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET). Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, the Cochrane...

Recently, deep learning methods have seen major advancements and are preferred for medical image analysis. Clinically, deep learning techniques for cancer image analysis are among the main applications for early diagnosis, detection, and treatment. C...

Mucus plugs are airway-obstructing accumulations of inspissated secretions frequently observed in obstructive lung diseases (OLDs), including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), severe asthma, and cystic fibrosis. Their presence on chest CT...

Gaming Disorder (GD) is becoming more widely acknowledged as a behavioral addiction characterized by impaired control and functional impairment. While resting-state impairments are well understood, the neurophysiological dynamics during active gamepl...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by alterations in movement dynamics that are difficult to quantify with conventional clinical assessment. This study proposes an integrated approach combining graph-based kinematic analysis with explain...

Silicone-based implants have been widely used in breast reconstruction but have also been associated with poorly understood complications, including pathologic foreign body responses such as capsular contracture. In this study, we leveraged 3D-printi...

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have emerged as powerful tools for medical image synthesis and clinical outcome prediction. In ophthalmology, accurate forecasting of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images and best-corrected visual acuity (B...

Oral wound healing is a robust process; however, complications from surgery, systemic diseases, and aging can impair healing. While some treatments exist, regenerative therapies to promote mucosal wound healing remain limited. In recent years, there...

Background and Objective: Postoperative hospital length of stay (LOS) reflects surgical recovery and resource demand but remains difficult to predict due to heterogeneous perioperative trajectories. We aimed to develop and validate an interpretable m...

Fetal acidemia, caused by impaired gas exchange between the fetus and the mother, is a leading cause of stillbirth and neurologic complications. Early prediction is therefore essential to guide timely clinical intervention. Several strategies rely on...

Background: The rapid advancement in artificial intelligence (AI) has fundamentally reshaped gut microbiome research by enabling high-resolution analysis of complex, high-dimensional microbial communities and their functional interactions with the hu...

The deltoid ligament (DL) is the primary stabilizer of the medial ankle; however, a limited understanding of the functional roles of its various bundles hinders rational surgical decision-making. This study aims to investigate the roles of individual...

Recent breakthroughs in materials science have driven transformative advancements in restorative dentistry. Advanced dental materials, such as bioactive materials, nanocomposites, and fibre-reinforced composites, are attracting attention. Bioactive m...

The radiosensitivity of cancer patients determines the efficacy of radiotherapy, and patients with low radiosensitivity cannot benefit from radiotherapy. Therefore, accurately predicting radiosensitivity before treatment is essential for personalized...