Cardiac Regeneration

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2020) | Viewed by 11586

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
CARE lab, University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
Interests: cardiac regeneration; innate immunity and inflammation in cardiovascular disease; cellular transdifferentiation and reprogramming

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CARE lab, University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
Interests: valvular pathomechanisms; innate immunity and inflammation in cardiovascular disease; microvesicles and exosomes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiac regeneration remains a dream of modern medicine. After decades of intense stem cell research, still no treatment option for the regeneration of the heart exists in clinical routine use. At the same time, heart failure is a classified endemic in the Western world. It is ever increasing, thereby causing a tremendous socio-economic problem for public healthcare systems. We therefore are in urgent need of innovative new approaches towards cardiac regeneration. This can only be achieved by high-class experimental research that on the one hand elucidates pathomechanisms and broadens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of regeneration. On the other hand, we need to have a clear understanding of the translational potential of the technology.

This Special Issue on "Cardiac Regeneration" will therefore focus on original research papers and comprehensive reviews, dealing with cutting-edge experimental approaches for myocardial regeneration. Topics of interest for this Special Issue include but are not limited to the following:

  1. Cellular transdifferentiation and reprogramming;
  2. Extracellular vesicles;
  3. Cell-free therapeutic treatment options;
  4. New approaches in gene therapy and genomic editing;
  5. Bioengineering approaches;
  6. Angiogenesis and neovascularization;
  7. RNA-based tissue regeneration;
  8. Epigenetic regulation.

Dr. Johannes Holfeld
Dr. Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2212 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Properties of Heart Fragments from Different Regions and Their Synchronization
by Shin Arai, Kento Lloyd, Tomonori Takahashi, Kazuki Mammoto, Takashi Miyazawa, Kei Tamura, Tomoyuki Kaneko, Kentaro Ishida, Yuuta Moriyama and Toshiyuki Mitsui
Bioengineering 2020, 7(3), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7030081 - 29 Jul 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3944
Abstract
The dynamic properties of the heart differ based on the regions that effectively circulate blood throughout the body with each heartbeat. These properties, including the inter-beat interval (IBI) of autonomous beat activity, are retained even in in vitro tissue fragments. However, details of [...] Read more.
The dynamic properties of the heart differ based on the regions that effectively circulate blood throughout the body with each heartbeat. These properties, including the inter-beat interval (IBI) of autonomous beat activity, are retained even in in vitro tissue fragments. However, details of beat dynamics have not been well analyzed, particularly at the sub-mm scale, although such dynamics of size are important for regenerative medicine and computational studies of the heart. We analyzed the beat dynamics in sub-mm tissue fragments from atria and ventricles of hearts obtained from chick embryos over a period of 40 h. The IBI and contraction speed differed by region and atrial fragments retained their values for a longer time. The major finding of this study is synchronization of these fragment pairs physically attached to each other. The probability of achieving this and the time required differ for regional pairs: atrium–atrium, ventricle–ventricle, or atrium–ventricle. Furthermore, the time required to achieve 1:1 synchronization does not depend on the proximity of initial IBI of paired fragments. Various interesting phenomena, such as 1:n synchronization and a reentrant-like beat sequence, are revealed during synchronization. Finally, our observation of fragment dynamics indicates that mechanical motion itself contributes to the synchronization of atria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiac Regeneration)
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Review

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22 pages, 662 KiB  
Review
Electrospun Scaffolds and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Cardiac Tissue Engineering Applications
by Taylor Cook Suh, Alaowei Y. Amanah and Jessica M. Gluck
Bioengineering 2020, 7(3), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7030105 - 6 Sep 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 7095
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) combines cells, scaffolds, and growth factors to assemble functional tissues for repair or replacement of tissues and organs. Cardiac TE is focused on developing cardiac cells, tissues, and structures—most notably the heart. This review presents the requirements, challenges, and research [...] Read more.
Tissue engineering (TE) combines cells, scaffolds, and growth factors to assemble functional tissues for repair or replacement of tissues and organs. Cardiac TE is focused on developing cardiac cells, tissues, and structures—most notably the heart. This review presents the requirements, challenges, and research surrounding electrospun scaffolds and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) towards applications to TE hearts. Electrospinning is an attractive fabrication method for cardiac TE scaffolds because it produces fibers that demonstrate the optimal potential for mimicking the complex structure of the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). iPSCs theoretically offer the capacity to generate limitless numbers of CMs for use in TE hearts, however these iPSC-CMs are electrophysiologically, morphologically, mechanically, and metabolically immature compared to adult CMs. This presents a functional limitation to their use in cardiac TE, and research aiming to address this limitation is presented in this review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiac Regeneration)
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