Numerical Simulation and AI in Biological Systems

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 503

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Clinical Physiology-U.O.S. of Rome, National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC-CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
Interests: cardiovascular and respiratory system numerical/hybrid modelling; e-learning and medical simulation training; numerical stem cell therapy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, scientific research and the medical and sports community have paid close attention to biomedical engineering, which integrates information from multiple medical, engineering, and informatics domains. In order to better grasp how to employ modern simulation and Artificial Intelligent (AI) software for therapy optimization and outcome prediction based on patient-specific modeling, many physicians have given it some thought.

Specific clinical uses include understanding human pathologies and diseases, advancing the fields of biology and medicine, and enhancing diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutic outcomes.

Athletes' performances can be studied and improved with a variety of AI tools and computational modeling. The development of numerical or hybrid (numerical-hydraulic) models may also aid in reducing the quantity of animal testing and may enhance animal welfare.

Last but not least, the study of biological issues including stem cell therapy, tumor treatment, wound healing, microfluidics, and diffusion processes has been made possible by the development of numerical models and AI tools.

Many universities and hospitals utilize simulation software, and AI tools that describe organ or cell behavior are becoming increasingly popular for teaching purposes.

This Special Issue focuses on numerical modeling and artificial intelligence techniques applied to solve complex problems in the field of biomechanical and biomedical engineering, including, but not limited to, the following:

  • computational biofluid dynamics;
  • multiscale flow modeling (3D, 1D, and 0D models);
  • cardiovascular mechanics;
  • biomechanics in athletics;
  • AI tools applied in biological fields;
  • movement analysis and biomechanics for endurance sports;
  • clinical application of novel numerical algorithms to the biomedical engineering;
  • the use of numerical simulation in education;
  • tissue and cell mechanics;
  • numerical methods applied to biomechanics;
  • computer assisted surgery and fluid dynamics;
  • application and impact of numerical models for decision making in sport;
  • molecular and cell therapies.

As such, high-quality original research papers are welcome.

Dr. Claudio De Lazzari
Guest Editor

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • numerical model
  • software simulator
  • AI tools
  • e-learning
  • 0D, 1D, and 3D model
  • clinical environment
  • hybrid model
  • athletic performance
  • biomechanics in athletics
  • movement analysis
  • computer assist surgery

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 4328 KiB  
Article
Modelling and Simulation of the Interactions Between the Cardiovascular System and the Combined Use of VA ECMO and IABP: Comparison Between Peripheral and Central Configurations
by Beatrice De Lazzari, Massimo Capoccia, Roberto Badagliacca, Marc O. Maybauer and Claudio De Lazzari
Bioengineering 2025, 12(5), 540; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12050540 - 17 May 2025
Viewed by 106
Abstract
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) for the management of refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) has been widely used in recent years. Increased left ventricular (LV) afterload induced by retrograde flow remains a limiting factor, which is particularly evident during peripheral VA ECMO support. [...] Read more.
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) for the management of refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) has been widely used in recent years. Increased left ventricular (LV) afterload induced by retrograde flow remains a limiting factor, which is particularly evident during peripheral VA ECMO support. The concomitant use of the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is an established strategy to achieve LV unloading during VA ECMO support. Nevertheless, there remains controversy about the combined use of IABP during central or peripheral VA ECMO in terms of beneficial effects and outcome. We developed a simulation setting to study left ventricular unloading with IABP during peripheral and central VA ECMO using CARDIOSIM©, an established software simulator of the cardiovascular system. The aim was to quantitatively evaluate potential differences between the two VA ECMO configurations and ascertain the true beneficial effects compared to VA ECMO alone. The combined use of central VA ECMO and IABP decreased left ventricular end systolic volume and left ventricular end diastolic volume by 5–10%; right ventricular end systolic volume and right ventricular end diastolic volume by 10–20%; left atrial end systolic volume and left atrial end diastolic volume by 5–10%. Up to 25% reduction in mean left atrial pressure, up to 15% reduction in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and up to 25% reduction in mean pulmonary arterial pressure was observed. From an energetic point of view, left ventricular external work decreased by 10–15% whilst up to 40%vreduction in right ventricular external work was observed. The findings make central VA ECMO plus IABP the most appropriate combination for left and right ventricle unloading. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation and AI in Biological Systems)
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