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Smart Wound Dressings

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 16726

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Interests: polymeric devices for biomedical applications, including scaffolds for regenerative medicine, micro- and nano-particles for controlled drug delivery, wound dressings, and perm-selective barriers for cell encapsulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Interests: biomaterials; scaffold; tissue engineering; material characterization; viscoelasticity; hydrogels; green chemistry; natural polymers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although wound healing mechanisms have been widely unraveled, proper and timely wound closure is yet challenging. While traditional wound dressings work well under physiological healing conditions, wound closure is still very hard to achieve in cases of impaired or dysfunctional healing, such as in chronic wounds (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers) and extensive full-thickness burns. Bacterial infections are common complications that worsen the damage; delay the healing process; and, if not properly managed, may induce life-threatening sepsis. Furthermore, even when wound closure is achieved, excessive scar formation and contracture may be obtained, which result in esthetic and functional impairment.

The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight some of the most recent scientific and technological advances in the development of smart or active wound dressings. Since the wound environment is highly dynamic, smart dressings are required to monitor the healing process and respond to it in a prompt and appropriate manner (e.g., by delivering antibiotics, drugs, or other bioactive molecules). These active devices should be able to orchestrate the biological processes needed for healing while fighting potential infections and reducing scar formation and contracture. Moreover, ideal wound management demands dressings that perfectly fit the wound site and allow for non-traumatic and fast dressing changes.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue deal with the development of flexible and responsive materials, (bio)sensors, and/or integrated devices suitable for the creation of advanced wound dressings. In order to provide guidance to clinical translation, the regulatory requirements regarding quality and safety of the devices are also of interest.

Dr. Marta Madaghiele
Dr. Christian Demitri
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Wound healing
  • Wound management
  • Chronic wounds
  • Smart hydrogels
  • Antibacterial
  • Sensors
  • Drug delivery
  • Skin regeneration

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1910 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan–Alginate Polyelectrolyte Complexes Loaded with Antibacterial Thyme Oil Nanoemulsions
by Hamid Hamedi, Sara Moradi, Alan E. Tonelli and Samuel M. Hudson
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(18), 3933; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9183933 - 19 Sep 2019
Cited by 42 | Viewed by 6427
Abstract
Biomedical industries are attempting to utilize natural materials, as they are bio-compatible, non-toxic, and show bioactive properties, like antimicrobial activity. In this study, natural polyelectrolyte complexed chitosan/alginate films (PECs) were prepared via a casting/solvent evaporation technique, and their characteristics and drug release properties [...] Read more.
Biomedical industries are attempting to utilize natural materials, as they are bio-compatible, non-toxic, and show bioactive properties, like antimicrobial activity. In this study, natural polyelectrolyte complexed chitosan/alginate films (PECs) were prepared via a casting/solvent evaporation technique, and their characteristics and drug release properties were investigated. PEC films made with two different overall polymer contents, 0.4 and 1 w/v%, were loaded with thyme oil nanoemulsion as drug carrier. The structure of the films was studied by FTIR and optical and scanning electron microscopy. Prepared PEC films had good mechanical and water vapor permeability properties. Release of the thyme oil from the pH-sensitive PEC films (TM-PEC) was detected and followed by UV spectroscopy. The results indicated that the drug release rate of TM-PEC films was the fastest when the chitosan content was 1 %w/v, and various mathematical models were analyzed for investigating the drug release mechanism. Antibacterial tests were performed by counting the number of surviving gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The in vitro test indicated the limitation Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) growth in the presence of TM-PEC films. The MTT test showed more cell viability of the TM-PEC film in comparison with that of the PEC film without TM. Based on the measured physical and antibacterial properties, the chitosan–alginate PEC films loaded with antibacterial essential oils can be considered for biomedical applications, such as wound dressings or controlled release systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Wound Dressings)
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8 pages, 5893 KiB  
Article
Release of VEGF from Dental Implant Surface (IML® Implant) Coated with Concentrated Growth Factors (CGF) and the Liquid Phase of CGF (LPCGF): In Vitro Results and Future Expectations
by Andrea Palermo, Franco Ferrante, Eleonora Stanca, Fabrizio Damiano, Antonio Gnoni, Tiziano Batani, Maria Annunziata Carluccio, Christian Demitri and Luisa Siculella
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(10), 2114; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102114 - 23 May 2019
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4955
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the combined use of the Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) and the liquid phase of CGF (LPCGF) on dental implant surfaces, using a medical device to determine the migration of growth factors, from the implant surface to the recipient. [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the combined use of the Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) and the liquid phase of CGF (LPCGF) on dental implant surfaces, using a medical device to determine the migration of growth factors, from the implant surface to the recipient. The implants were permeated by autologous growth factors, using a specific centrifuge device. CGF adhesion on the implant surface was evaluated through a scanning electron microscope analysis. To assess the release of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from CGF, LPCGF, and CGF- or LPCGF-permeated implant, an ELISA assay was carried out. The results showed that the concentration of the growth factor VEGF was greater in CGF than in LPCGF. Our innovative technique allowed the incorporation of autologous growth factors on the surface of the dental implants. Moreover, we reported the release of VEGF, over time, by CGF- or LPCGF-permeated implant. On this basis, it was possible to obtain a biologically active implant surface, essential to create intercellular communication and neo-angiogenesis, to facilitate wound healing and tissue regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Wound Dressings)
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Review

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19 pages, 273 KiB  
Review
Healing Effects of Photobiomodulation on Diabetic Wounds
by Nicolette Houreld
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(23), 5114; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9235114 - 26 Nov 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4529
Abstract
Diabetic patients frequently develop chronic ulcers of the lower extremities, which are a frequent cause for hospitalization and amputation, placing strain on patients, their families, and healthcare systems. Present therapies remain a challenge, with high recurrence rates. Photobiomodulation (PBM), which is the non-invasive [...] Read more.
Diabetic patients frequently develop chronic ulcers of the lower extremities, which are a frequent cause for hospitalization and amputation, placing strain on patients, their families, and healthcare systems. Present therapies remain a challenge, with high recurrence rates. Photobiomodulation (PBM), which is the non-invasive application of light at specific wavelengths, has been shown to speed up healing of chronic wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). PBM produces photophysical and photochemical changes within cells without eliciting thermal damage. It has been shown to promote tissue regeneration and speed up wound repair by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, accelerating cell migration and proliferation, and promoting extracellular matrix production and release of essential growth factors. The shortage of rigorous, well-designed clinical trials makes it challenging to assess the scientific impact of PBM on DFUs, and lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms also hinders the conventional use of this therapy. This review gives a glimpse into diabetic wound healing and PBM, and the effects of PBM on diabetic wound healing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Wound Dressings)
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