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Advances in Orthodontic Treatment
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Advances in Orthodontic Treatment

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2025) | Viewed by 10866

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessandra Putrino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Science, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
Interests: orthodontics; pediatric dentistry; dentistry; anatomy; artificial intelligence; technologies; forensic odontology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Angela Galeotti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bam-Bino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
Interests: pediatric dentistry; orthodontics; conservative dentistry; endodontics; technologies; genetics; sedation; oral surgery; caries; hygiene; public health; rare diseases; special needs; public health management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to investigate the most recent advances in orthodontic treatment. New technologies and methods recently developed have provided patients with more aesthetic and comfortable options, better analysis and treatment planning. This improvement, mainly driven by 3D technologies and artificial intelligence, in the attempt to make often quicker treatments, also intended to simplify the orthodontist's work without reducing, or even increasing, the efficiency of therapies and their long-term success. All these aspects affect both adult orthodontics and the treatment of growing subjects. Orthodontic retreatments and orthodontic therapies on fragile/vulnerable subjects (pediatric or adult) or requiring an integrated multi-specialist approach (medical/dental) often represent a clinical challenge in which new technologies and new advances can make a difference. Studies that include ethical and medico-legal implications and considerations on the use of new technologies and new advances in the orthodontic field constitute preferential contributions. Scientific contributions in the form of research articles and reviews are welcome. Case reports/series on these topics will be evaluated.

Dr. Alessandra Putrino
Dr. Angela Galeotti
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • orthodontics
  • 3D technologies
  • artificial intelligence
  • multidisciplinary approach
  • medico-legal
  • pediatric dentistry
  • adult orthodontics
  • tooth movement
  • skeletal development
  • malocclusion
  • relapse prevention
  • hybrid therapies
  • orthodontic retreatment
  • fixed appliances
  • removable appliances
  • clear aligners

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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10 pages, 843 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Stability of Class II Malocclusion Treated with Maxillary Molar Distalization
by Filiz Uslu and Ali Kiki
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7319; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137319 - 29 Jun 2025
Viewed by 62
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term stability of maxillary molar distalization in the treatment of Class II malocclusion. Methods: This study included 40 patients (31 males and 9 females) who received fixed orthodontic treatment after maxillary molar distalization. Orthodontic [...] Read more.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term stability of maxillary molar distalization in the treatment of Class II malocclusion. Methods: This study included 40 patients (31 males and 9 females) who received fixed orthodontic treatment after maxillary molar distalization. Orthodontic models and lateral cephalograms were evaluated at three time points: pre-treatment (T1), after orthodontic treatment (T2), and long-term follow-up (T3). The mean ages of the patients’ ages at T1, T2, and T3 were 13.02, 15.97, and 22.05 years, respectively. The statistical analysis included paired t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The statistical analysis indicated no gender-related differences. A significant distalization of maxillary first molars was observed at T2 compared to T1 (p < 0.001). Despite a minor relapse, a statistically significant distalization was observed in T3-T1 (p < 0.001). The vertical skeletal angles, which increased during the treatment period, decreased at T3-T2. The molar relationship was almost maintained after long-term follow-up (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The maxillary molar distalization achieved in the Class II treatment was maintained in the long term. The vertical skeletal measurements decreased to their initial values in the long term. The Class I molar relationship did not change during the completion of the growth. This study hypothesized that the maxillary molar distalization achieved during fixed orthodontic treatment can be maintained in the long term without significant relapse. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Orthodontic Treatment)
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13 pages, 1603 KiB  
Article
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate Skeletal and Dental Treatment Effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion in Children: Comparison Between Two-Band Expander and Bonded Palatal Expander
by Valeria Viarani, Paola Festa, Giorgia Galasso, Vincenzo D’Antò, Alessandra Putrino, Andrea Mariani, Gaia Bompiani and Angela Galeotti
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7187; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137187 - 26 Jun 2025
Viewed by 80
Abstract
The rapid maxillary expander is one of the most widely used devices in orthodontics, and this study analyzes the skeletal and dental effects of a two-band rapid maxillary expander (RME) and a splint resin palatal expander (SRPE) in growing children with skeletal maxillary [...] Read more.
The rapid maxillary expander is one of the most widely used devices in orthodontics, and this study analyzes the skeletal and dental effects of a two-band rapid maxillary expander (RME) and a splint resin palatal expander (SRPE) in growing children with skeletal maxillary contraction. Seventy-four subjects with palatal skeletal contraction and unilateral or bilateral posterior crossbite were treated using maxillary expander devices. The sample was made up of two different randomly assigned groups: RME (21 females, 17 males; mean age ± SD 7.7 ± 1.1 years) and SRPE (24 females, 15 males; mean age ± SD 7.6 ± 1.0 years). The effects of these two different devices were evaluated based on lateral cephalograms and measurements of digital models before and after treatment (7.0 ± 1.0 months). Longitudinal changes in the different groups were evaluated statistically using Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). No significant differences in treatment effects were found for any vertical or sagittal skeletal variables in the groups. However, there was a significantly increased maxillary intercanine distance in the SRPE group (36 patients; mean ± SD = 6.0 ± 4.8 mm) compared to the RME group (38 patients; mean ± SD = 3.1 ± 2.9 mm). The results of this study showed an increase in vertical skeletal dimensions in more patients treated using SRPE than RME. Moreover, the SRPE device was shown to be better at increasing the intercanine distance, and it could therefore be preferred in children with anterior dental crowding. An evaluation of long-term treatment stability would be useful to confirm the study results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Orthodontic Treatment)
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6 pages, 867 KiB  
Communication
The Mechanics of Maxillary Molar Distal Movement Using Class II Carriere Motion Appliance: A Finite Element Study
by Yukiko Yokoi, John K. Kaku, Tatsuo Takaya and Norimasa Okafuji
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(4), 1514; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14041514 - 13 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1980
Abstract
To clarify the mechanics of tooth movement produced by a unique distalizer, Class II Carriere Motion appliance (CMA), in which the maxillary canine is connected to the maxillary first molar with a stiff bar, long-term tooth movement was simulated by the finite element [...] Read more.
To clarify the mechanics of tooth movement produced by a unique distalizer, Class II Carriere Motion appliance (CMA), in which the maxillary canine is connected to the maxillary first molar with a stiff bar, long-term tooth movement was simulated by the finite element method (FEM). The FEM models of the maxillary canine, premolars, and first molar were made based on a dental study model. The periodontal ligament (PDL) was constructed on the root and assumed to be a nonlinear elastic material. The teeth and the alveolar bone were assumed to be rigid bodies. The tooth moved by accumulating the initial movement produced by the elastic deformation of the PDL. When retraction force was applied to the canine from the mandibular dentition, the canine tipped or rotated clockwise and extruded due to the vertical component of the retraction force. The molar and premolars also tipped and moved distally, but hardly extruded because the vertical force did not act on them. As a result of these tooth movements, the canine protruded from the dentition. An interproximal space was created between the canine and the lateral incisor. These movement patterns were similar to those in other clinical studies using the CMA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Orthodontic Treatment)
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14 pages, 21623 KiB  
Case Report
Orthodontic Correction of an Anterior Open Bite with Periodontally Compromised Upper Incisors Using Miniscrews
by Farhan Alwadei and Abdurahman Alwadei
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(2), 811; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020811 - 17 Jan 2024
Viewed by 5033
Abstract
This case report describes the camouflage treatment of a patient with an anterior open bite, bimaxillary skeletal protrusion with a mild class II skeletal pattern, reduced periodontium with generalized slight bone loss, localized severe bone loss at the maxillary upper incisors, and a [...] Read more.
This case report describes the camouflage treatment of a patient with an anterior open bite, bimaxillary skeletal protrusion with a mild class II skeletal pattern, reduced periodontium with generalized slight bone loss, localized severe bone loss at the maxillary upper incisors, and a tongue thrust habit. Orthodontic treatment included modifying the resting posture of the tongue and sectionally intruding maxillary posterior teeth while controlling the extrusion of mandibular posterior teeth using temporary anchorage devices (TADs), followed by sectional mechanics at the maxillary arch and continuous arch mechanics at the mandibular arch, along with interpromximal reduction at the mandibular teeth and inter-arch elastics from the mandibular teeth to the maxillary TADs to minimize orthodontic force magnitude and duration specifically applied to periodontally compromised maxillary incisors. The patient’s chief complaint was addressed, and treatment objectives were achieved, with good esthetic and occlusal outcomes. Stability was shown over a 56-month follow-up period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Orthodontic Treatment)
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13 pages, 25194 KiB  
Case Report
Open Bite Treatment with Combined Aligners and Myofunctional Appliances: A Case Report
by Michele Tepedino, Maciej Iancu Potrubacz, Rosa Esposito, Edoardo Staderini and Domenico Ciavarella
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(21), 11696; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132111696 - 26 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2946
Abstract
This case report describes an 18-year-old female patient with a skeletal class I pattern, mandibular asymmetry, a molar class III on the right side, a molar class II on the left side, and an anterior open bite (AOB). Treatment of AOB is often [...] Read more.
This case report describes an 18-year-old female patient with a skeletal class I pattern, mandibular asymmetry, a molar class III on the right side, a molar class II on the left side, and an anterior open bite (AOB). Treatment of AOB is often difficult for orthodontists and a multidisciplinary approach is sometimes required to rehabilitate the correct function and posture of the tongue. In this case the AOB was treated using the Nuvola® OP System: a treatment system that combines orthodontic aligners and a myofunctional elastodontic device called Freedom. An upper molar intrusion with miniscrews was performed during the first phase of the treatment programme, and then the aligner treatment began. The Nuvola® OP System ’s aligners are characterized by lingual pins that guide the tongue to the palatal spot position and take advantage of tongue function. The patient was instructed to wear the Freedom device for 30 min a day and to clench every 3 s with closed lips while wearing the aligners. These exercises improve the fitting of the aligners, improve the tongue’s posture, and take advantage of the masticatory forces to resolve the malocclusion. The patient was successfully treated, thus demonstrating that the Nuvola® OP System is a valid alternative for the treatment of AOB. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Orthodontic Treatment)
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