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High Energy Multi-Messenger Astrophysics: Latest Research and Reviews

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Physics General".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 3471

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Section of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Interests: particle physics; experimental physics; experimental particle physics; detectors; astrophysics; theoretical particle physics; astronomy & astrophysics; high energy physics; special and general relativity; general relativity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cosmic rays (CRs) bring information about the surrounding universe, our Galaxy, and also extragalactic space, at least at the highest observed energies. They represent one of the most important energy transformation processes in the Universe. Understanding their origin and propagation through the interstellar medium (ISM) is a fundamental problem that has a major impact on models of the structure and nature of the Universe. Charged cosmic rays, gammas, and neutrinos are strongly correlated with CR sources where hadronic accelerators are at work. Their integrated study is one of the most important and exciting fields in 'multi-messenger astrophysics'; the exploration of the Universe that combines information from different cosmic messengers, such as electromagnetic radiation, gravitational waves, neutrinos, and cosmic rays.

After the discovery of TeV-emitting gamma-ray sources and the evidence of high-energy neutrinos of cosmic origin, a real breakthrough occurred in 2016 with the first observation of gravitational waves (GWs). High-energy astrophysics is now studied using at least three experimental branches: the electromagnetic radiation, from radio to X-rays; charged CRs, gamma-rays and neutrinos, detected with experimental methods developed in particle physics; and GWs, observed using laser interferometers. The combined study of the Universe with all the aforementioned probes offers unique opportunities, as demonstrated by the observation of the merging of two neutron stars in 2017. The observation of a GW and a GRB was quickly followed by the most extensive worldwide observational campaign using about 70 observatories on all continents and in space.

In this Special Issue, we invite the submission of papers exploring the development of multi-messenger and multi-wavelength approaches. Contributions can focus on the latest research and results regarding measurements and modeling in CR physics, gamma-ray astronomy, and neutrino astronomy with correlations with gravitational wave observation. Survey papers and reviews are also welcome.

Dr. Giuseppe Di Sciascio
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

36 pages, 32422 KiB  
Review
The LHAASO PeVatron Bright Sky: What We Learned
by Martina Cardillo and Andrea Giuliani
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(11), 6433; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13116433 - 24 May 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2773
Abstract
The recent detection of 12 γ-ray galactic sources well above E>100 TeV by the LHAASO observatory has been a breakthrough in the context of the search for the origin of cosmic rays (CR). Although most of these sources remain unidentified, [...] Read more.
The recent detection of 12 γ-ray galactic sources well above E>100 TeV by the LHAASO observatory has been a breakthrough in the context of the search for the origin of cosmic rays (CR). Although most of these sources remain unidentified, they are often spatially correlated with leptonic accelerators, such as pulsar and pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). This dramatically affects the paradigm for which a γ-ray detection at E>100 TeV implies the presence of a hadronic accelerator of PeV particles (PeVatron). Moreover, the LHAASO results support the idea that sources other than the standard candidates, supernova remnants, can accelerate galactic CRs. In this context, the good angular resolution of future Cherenkov telescopes, such as the ASTRI Mini-Array and CTA, and the higher sensitivity of future neutrino detectors, such as KM3NeT and IceCube-Gen2, will be of crucial importance. In this brief review, we want to summarize the efforts made up to now, from both theoretical and experimental points of view, to fully understand the LHAASO results in the context of the CR acceleration issue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Energy Multi-Messenger Astrophysics: Latest Research and Reviews)
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