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Applied Sciences
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Earthquake Prevention and Resistance in Civil Engineering
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Earthquake Prevention and Resistance in Civil Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 2228

Special Issue Editors

Dr. José Ramón Gaxiola Camacho

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Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80040, Mexico
Interests: structural analysis; construction engineering; earthquake engineering; structural dynamics; finite element analysis; construction; building finite element modeling; construction materials; civil engineering materials
Dr. Leandro Fleck Fadel Miguel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rua João Pio Duarte Silva, Florianópolis 88037-000, SC, Brazil
Interests: structural dynamics; nonlinear analysis; structural vibration; finite element modeling; structural optimization; steel structures; structural engineering; reliability analysis; finite element analysis; vibration control
Dr. Dante Tolentino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Materiales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 420 San Pablo Avenue, Nueva el Rosario, Azcapotzalco, Mexico City 02128, Mexico
Interests: structural reliability; structural optimization; artificial intelligence for predicting the design and reliability of earthquake-resistant structures; offshore structures; bridge structures

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Technical submissions are welcome to this Special Issue entitled “Earthquake Prevention and Resistance in Civil Engineering”.

At present, a great number of economic and human losses have been registered in the world due to the occurrence of destructive earthquakes. In general, civil engineers design buildings following guidelines and/or construction codes. The main objective of those regulations is to prevent the collapse of the structures under the action of the most probable maximum earthquake in the zone under consideration. Unfortunately, there is still a knowledge gap in the prevention of damage to structures when they are excited by ground motions. In addition, the resistance and resilience of buildings must be accomplished within tolerable limits in terms of strength and service. Within this context, the performance-based seismic design philosophy has been in constant development for the last two decades.

Hence, this Special Issue welcomes submissions of comprehensive technical reviews as well as scientific papers where the following topics are addressed: earthquake engineering, structural reliability, seismic risk, structural health monitoring of infrastructure, earthquake resistance of steel and reinforced concrete buildings, resilience of structures excited by earthquakes, performance-based seismic design, ground motion selection for response history analyses, and other related topics.

Dr. José Ramón Gaxiola Camacho
Dr. Leandro Fleck Fadel Miguel
Dr. Dante Tolentino
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • earthquake engineering
  • structural safety
  • performance-based seismic design
  • reliability of structures
  • seismic risk
  • ground motion selection
  • structural health monitoring

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 7451 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Low-Cost Seismic Isolators Exposed to Environmental Conditions
by Erika D. Lemos-Micolta, Isabel C. Velasco-Cuervo, Ingrid E. Madera-Sierra, Manuel Alejandro Rojas-Manzano, Orlando Cundumí, Edwin Patino, Manuel Salmeron-Becerra, Marina Lopez-Arias, Shirley J. Dyke and Mirian Velay-Lizancos
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(7), 3467; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073467 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 254
Abstract
In Colombia, low-cost unbonded fiber-reinforced elastomeric isolators made from natural rubber (UN-FREI) and recycled rubber (UR-FREI) have emerged as a solution to mitigate damage in low-rise structures during earthquakes. However, their performance under environmental degradation caused by factors such as carbon dioxide, saltwater, [...] Read more.
In Colombia, low-cost unbonded fiber-reinforced elastomeric isolators made from natural rubber (UN-FREI) and recycled rubber (UR-FREI) have emerged as a solution to mitigate damage in low-rise structures during earthquakes. However, their performance under environmental degradation caused by factors such as carbon dioxide, saltwater, relative humidity, and UV radiation has not been sufficiently studied. These agents can compromise the mechanical properties of rubber, affecting its ability to dissipate energy. This study evaluates the performance of these isolators under different environmental conditions through the initial characterization of rubber, mechanical testing of small-scale prototypes exposed to controlled environments, and seismic analysis of an isolated structure. Modification factors (λ(ae,max) and λ(ae,min)) were determined to quantify the impact of degradation on structural behavior. The results indicate that UN-FREI specimens are more sensitive to environmental conditions than UR-FREI specimens, whereas the mechanical properties of UN-FREI small-scale prototypes remain more stable compared to those of UR-FREI. This leads to increased drift, base shear, and demand-to-capacity ratios (DCRs) in the structural analysis. The findings emphasize the need for experimental testing of isolators to establish modification factors that accurately reflect the effects of environmental conditions on structures throughout their service life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Earthquake Prevention and Resistance in Civil Engineering)
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30 pages, 9321 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Vertical Ground Motion on the Design of Common R/C Frames
by Grigorios Manoukas and Vasilios Tsiggelis
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(4), 1711; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041711 - 7 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 587
Abstract
In this article, the response of reinforced concrete frames concurrently subjected to both horizontal and vertical seismic motions is assessed. The article is not limited to the variation in response quantities but aims to identify which specific design parameters are affected and how, [...] Read more.
In this article, the response of reinforced concrete frames concurrently subjected to both horizontal and vertical seismic motions is assessed. The article is not limited to the variation in response quantities but aims to identify which specific design parameters are affected and how, as well as which specific code provisions could be violated due to the omission of vertical oscillations during the design process. Furthermore, the consequences that a design against vertical ground motion would cause in both technical and economic terms were investigated. For this purpose, six eight-storey 2D frames were designed, neglecting the vertical seismic component in compliance with code provisions. Subsequently, the seismic response of the frames to the concurrent action of horizontal and vertical ground motion was evaluated by applying both modal response spectrum and inelastic dynamic analyses. It was found out that several code violations occurred, mainly due to the fluctuation of the columns’ normalized axial forces and the amplification of up to two times or more of the beam bending moments. Thereafter, the frames were redesigned without neglecting the vertical seismic component, and the changes in the members’ cross-sectional dimensions and reinforcement were determined. Finally, it was estimated that the economic impact of redesigning did not exceed 4% of the initial total construction cost of the frames. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Earthquake Prevention and Resistance in Civil Engineering)
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17 pages, 2802 KiB  
Article
Study on Sensitivity of Uncertainty Factors in Seismic Demand Analysis of Continuous Girder Bridges with Seismic Isolation Design
by Ruotong Wang, Meng Liu and Junjie Wang
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(1), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010051 - 25 Dec 2024
Viewed by 558
Abstract
In order to clarify the influence of the uncertain parameters of a bridge numerical model for seismic isolation design on the calculation results of structural seismic demand and to improve the accuracy of bridge seismic isolation design, a refined numerical model of a [...] Read more.
In order to clarify the influence of the uncertain parameters of a bridge numerical model for seismic isolation design on the calculation results of structural seismic demand and to improve the accuracy of bridge seismic isolation design, a refined numerical model of a seismic isolation continuous girder bridge was established. The uncertainty of the model parameters was sorted out at two classification levels of the seismic isolation device system and the non-isolated system, and the sensitivity of the structural parameters was systematically analyzed by using the tornado diagram and the first-order second-moment method. The uncertain factors that have a great influence on the seismic response of the bridge structure in the seismic isolation design are bulk density coefficient, bearing friction coefficient, clay ultimate resistance, damping ratio, elastic modulus, clay ultimate deformation, and isolation bearing fusing force. The impact of the seismic isolation bearing’s melting force is particularly significant during periods of low peak acceleration. It was observed that the selection results remained largely unchanged despite the consideration of the collision effect. This finding serves as a valuable reference for the design and calculation of seismic isolation measures in continuous beam bridges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Earthquake Prevention and Resistance in Civil Engineering)
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