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Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry: Advanced Materials, Methods and Technologies

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Prof. Dr. Francine Benetti

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Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
Interests: endodontics; biomaterials; bioglass; tissue engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The evolution of biomaterial engineering has revolutionized the fields of endodontics and restorative dentistry, fostering the development of innovative materials and techniques which improve clinical outcomes. Bioactive glasses and ceramics, for instance, have demonstrated remarkable potential to enhance tissue regeneration, osseointegration, and antibacterial efficacy, addressing critical challenges in dental treatments.

This Special Issue, “Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry: Advanced Materials, Methods and Technologies”, seeks to highlight groundbreaking advancements in biomaterials and their applications in dentistry.

The topics of interest include the design and characterization of novel bioactive materials, such as bioglass formulations capable of inducing tissue regeneration and providing antimicrobial properties, and their use in endodontic therapies, materials, or restorative procedures.

Additionally, studies on tissue engineering approaches, including strategies for pulp and bone regeneration, bibliometric analyses, and systematic reviews on emerging trends, are encouraged.

We invite researchers and clinicians to contribute original articles and reviews that bridge the gap between material science and clinical application, aiming to shape the future of endodontics and restorative dentistry.

Prof. Dr. Francine Benetti
Guest Editor

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Research

20 pages, 10152 KB

Open AccessArticle

In Vivo Comparison of Resin-Modified and Pure Calcium-Silicate Cements for Direct Pulp Capping

by Fatma Fenesha, Aonjittra Phanrungsuwan, Brian L. Foster, Anibal Diogenes and Sarah B. Peters

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(19), 10639; https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910639 - 1 Oct 2025

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Abstract

Introduction: Direct pulp capping (DPC) aims to preserve the vitality of the dental pulp by placing a protective biocompatible material over the exposed pulp tissue to facilitate healing. There are several calcium-silicate materials that have been designed to promote mineralization and the regulation of inflammation. These have strong potential for the repair and regeneration of dental pulp. Among them, Biodentine (BD) and EndoSequence RRM Putty (ES) have been found to promote in vitro and in vivo mineralization while minimizing some of the limitations of the first-generation calcium-silicate-based materials. Theracal-LC (TLC), a light-cured, resin-modified calcium-silicate material, is a newer product with potential to improve the clinical outcomes of DPC, but existing studies have reported conflicting findings regarding its biocompatibility and ability to support pulpal healing in direct contact with the pulp. A comprehensive assessment of the biocompatibility and pulpal protection provided by these three capping materials has not yet been performed. Aim: We aimed to quantify the inflammatory response, dentin bridge formation, and material adaptation following DPC using three calcium-silicate materials: ES, BD, and TLC. Materials and Methods: DPC was performed on the maxillary first molar of C57BL/6 female mice. Maxilla were collected and processed at 1 and 21 days post-DPC. The early inflammatory response was measured 24 h post-procedure using confocal imaging of anti-Lys6G6C, which indicates the extent of neutrophil and monocyte infiltration. Reparative mineralized bridge formation was assessed at 21 days post-procedure using high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histology. Lastly, the homogeneity of the capping materials was evaluated by quantifying voids in calcium-silicate restorations using micro-CT. Results: DPC using TLC induced less infiltration of Lys6G6C⁺ cells at 24 h than BD or ES. BD promoted higher volumes of tertiary dentin than TLC, but TLC and ES showed no significant differences in volume. No differences were observed in material adaptation and void spaces among the three capping materials. Conclusions: All three materials under investigation supported pulp healing and maintained marginal integrity. However, TLC induced a lower inflammatory response on day 1 and induced similar levels of tertiary dentin to ES. These observations challenge the common perception that resin-based capping materials are not suitable for direct pulp capping. Our findings underscore the need to balance biological responses with physical properties when selecting pulp capping materials to improve long-term clinical success. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry: Advanced Materials, Methods and Technologies)

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13 pages, 3585 KB

Open AccessArticle

Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis (FEM) of Tooth Stress: The Impact of Cavity Design and Restorative Materials

by Yasemin Derya Fidancioğlu, Sinem Alkurt Kaplan, Reza Mohammadi and Hakan Yasin Gönder

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(17), 9677; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179677 - 3 Sep 2025

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Abstract

Finite element analysis has been widely applied in restorative dentistry, but there is limited evidence directly comparing the biomechanical behavior of amalgam and bulk-fill composite resins in standardized cavity designs. This study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution in enamel, dentin, and restorative materials under different cavity configurations and filling materials. A 3D model of a maxillary molar was reconstructed from dental tomography using Geomagic Design X 2020. Four cavity models were created with Solidworks 2013: Class I (occlusal, Group A), Class II disto-occlusal (Group B), Class II mesio-occlusal (Group C), and Class II mesio-occluso-distal (Group D) cavities. Each model was restored with either amalgam or bulk-fill composite and a 600 N occlusal force was applied. Maximum principal stresses were analyzed with ABAQUS software. The highest stress was observed in the bulk-fill composite restoration of the Class II MO cavity (231 Mpa), whereas the lowest stress occurred in amalgam restoration of Class I cavity. Overall, amalgam restorations showed lower stress concentrations than bulk-fill composites, especially in complex cavity designs. These results suggest that cavity configuration and restorative material selection influence stress distribution and may impact the long-term biomechanical stability of restored teeth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry: Advanced Materials, Methods and Technologies)

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