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Advances in Biological and Biomedical Optoelectronics
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Advances in Biological and Biomedical Optoelectronics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2025) | Viewed by 3460

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Pedro Nuno Sousa Sampaio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. COPELABS - Computação e Cognição Centrada nas Pessoas (BioRG - Biomedical Research Group), Lusofona University, Campo Grande, Lisbon, Portugal
2. Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
Interests: metabolomic; antibiotic resistance; high-\throughput screening; infrared spectroscopy; near infrared spectroscopy; therapeutic drugs screening; biotechnology; enzymatic biotechnology; mid infrared spectroscopy; machine learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, Optoelectronics have been widely used in biotechnology and biomedicine, such as Enzymatic biotechnology, for the study of complex biological processes, the detection of specific biomarkers, the assessment of pathological conditions, disease diagnosis and therapeutic drugs screening. Benefiting from the new analytical methods provided by artificial intelligence, spectral technology can quickly and accurately analyze large amounts of data and is a powerful tool. This Special Issue, “Advances in Biological and Biomedical Optoelectronics”, aims to collect and publish new research papers and review articles in this interdisciplinary area. The Special Issue topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Infrared spectroscopy;
  • Mid-infrared spectroscopy;
  • Near-infrared spectroscopy;
  • Raman spectroscopy;
  • vibrational spectroscopy;
  • Biological applications;
  • Biomedical applications;
  • Metabolomic;
  • Antibiotic resistance;
  • High-throughput screening;
  • Therapeutic drugs screening;
  • Biotechnology;
  • Enzymatic biotechnology;
  • Machine learning.

Dr. Pedro Nuno Sousa Sampaio
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • infrared spectroscopy
  • mid-infrared spectroscopy
  • near-infrared spectroscopy
  • Raman spectroscopy
  • vibrational spectroscopy
  • biological applications
  • biomedical applications
  • metabolomic
  • antibiotic resistance
  • high-throughput screening
  • therapeutic drugs screening
  • biotechnology
  • enzymatic biotechnology
  • machine learning

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

32 pages, 4373 KiB  
Article
Predictive Models of Patient Severity in Intensive Care Units Based on Serum Cytokine Profiles: Advancing Rapid Analysis
by Cristiana P. Von Rekowski, Tiago A. H. Fonseca, Rúben Araújo, Ana Martins, Iola Pinto, M. Conceição Oliveira, Gonçalo C. Justino, Luís Bento and Cecília R. C. Calado
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(9), 4823; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15094823 - 26 Apr 2025
Viewed by 245
Abstract
Predicting disease states and outcomes—and anticipating the need for specific procedures—enhances the efficiency of patient management, particularly in the dynamic and heterogenous environments of intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to develop robust predictive models using small sets of blood analytes to [...] Read more.
Predicting disease states and outcomes—and anticipating the need for specific procedures—enhances the efficiency of patient management, particularly in the dynamic and heterogenous environments of intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to develop robust predictive models using small sets of blood analytes to predict disease severity and mortality in ICUs, as fewer analytes are advantageous for future rapid analyses using biosensors, enabling fast clinical decision-making. Given the substantial impact of inflammatory processes, this research examined the serum profiles of 25 cytokines, either in association with or independent of nine routine blood analyses. Serum samples from 24 male COVID-19 patients admitted to an ICU were divided into three groups: Group A, including less severe patients, and Groups B and C, that needed invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Patients from Group C died within seven days after the current analysis. Naïve Bayes models were developed using the full dataset or with feature subsets selected either through an information gain algorithm or univariate data analysis. Strong predictive models were achieved for IMV (AUC = 0.891) and mortality within homogeneous (AUC = 0.774) or more heterogeneous (AUC = 0.887) populations utilizing two to nine features. Despite the small sample, these findings underscore the potential for effective prediction models based on a limited number of analytes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biological and Biomedical Optoelectronics)
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14 pages, 6208 KiB  
Article
Biospeckle Optical Coherence Tomography in Visualizing the Heat Response of Skin: Age-Related Differences
by Ryosuke Nakasako, Jun Yamada, Takahiro Kono, Hirofumi Kadono and Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(23), 11193; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142311193 - 30 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1065
Abstract
Currently, research related to the visualization of cutaneous vascular changes to heat stress depending on age and gender is limited to methods such as laser Doppler flowmetry and plethysmography, which do not provide any spatially resolved information at high resolution. On the other [...] Read more.
Currently, research related to the visualization of cutaneous vascular changes to heat stress depending on age and gender is limited to methods such as laser Doppler flowmetry and plethysmography, which do not provide any spatially resolved information at high resolution. On the other hand, optical coherence tomography is a real-time, noninvasive, non-contact technique that can visualize internal structures at the level of a few microns and is widely used in ophthalmology to visualize retinal structures, for example. However, the use of OCT in the investigation of skin vasculature heat stress is limited, with no study being conducted with different genders and different age groups. In this study, we propose biospeckle optical coherence tomography (bOCT), which visualizes the structural changes along a temporal scale to visualize the dynamic changes within the skin under heat stress. Heat stress was applied by applying a USB hot pad (40 °C) for five minutes to the palmar forearm of the dominant hand. A swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) operating with a central wavelength of 1310 nm, a bandwidth of 125 nm, and a sweep frequency of 20 kHz was used to obtain OCT structural images at 12.5 fps. From the one hundred OCT structural images recorded for 8 s, the biospeckle image was calculated as a ratio of the standard deviation to the mean of the images. The biospeckle images were obtained before heating, soon after heating, and after 5 min of rest. A total of 20 subjects with an equal number of male and female participants, with 10 in their 20s and the other 10 in their 30s or older, participated in the experiments. The average biospeckle contrast results were compared for significant differences under the three different conditions of before heating, soon after heating, and after rest for different depths, age differences, and genders. With heating, across all subjects at shallow depths within 200 µm or so, possibly in the epidermis–dermis border region, a significant difference was observed in the average contrast between the before-heating and after-rest conditions, with no significant difference seen in the deeper regions. With respect to age groups irrespective of gender, there was only a significant difference in the average contrast between soon after heating and before heating for the younger group, while for the older group, there was significant difference between before heating and soon after heating as well as between before heating and after 5 min of rest. This result suggests that age plays a larger role in the control of vascular dynamics. With respect to gender and irrespective of age, there was significant difference between males and females for both soon after heating and after 5 min of rest, with no significant difference found for before heating. These differences could be explained by hormonal differences that play a larger role in the vascular dynamics of the control of skin under heat stress, though the clear mechanism behind the reason for these gender differences is not clearly understood yet. As for both gender and age, because of the smaller sample size for age and gender combined, more studies are needed to obtain statistically reliable results. In total, our results obtained using bOCT demonstrate that bOCT could be successfully implemented in the study of the environmental effects on skin tissue, and we believe this has potential implications in therapeutic use such warm water immersion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biological and Biomedical Optoelectronics)
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11 pages, 5613 KiB  
Communication
Double-Mode Thermometer Based on Photoluminescence of YbGd2Al2Ga3O12: Cr3+ Operating in the Biological Windows
by Qixuan Zhang, Jumpei Ueda and Setsuhisa Tanabe
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(8), 3357; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083357 - 16 Apr 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1161
Abstract
A Near-Infrared (NIR) ratiometric luminescence thermometer with the composition of Yb1Gd2Al1.98Cr0.02Ga3O12 was prepared and studied. When excited by 660 nm in the first biological transparent window (BTW), the sample shows a peak [...] Read more.
A Near-Infrared (NIR) ratiometric luminescence thermometer with the composition of Yb1Gd2Al1.98Cr0.02Ga3O12 was prepared and studied. When excited by 660 nm in the first biological transparent window (BTW), the sample shows a peak structure of around 1000 nm due to the 2F5/2 → 2F7/2 transitions of Yb3+ via the energy transfer process from Cr3+. Due to the Boltzmann distribution, the Yb3+ PL intensities in the shorter wavelength side (i.e., 1st BTW) and longer wavelength side (i.e., 2nd BTW) exhibit opposite temperature dependencies. The luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) of Yb3+ in shorter and longer wavelength ranges works as a luminescence thermometer with a relative sensitivity of 0.55% K−1 at 310 K. In addition, YbGd2Al1.98Cr0.02Ga3O12 can also be employed for temperature sensing based on the LIR of Cr3+ (2E → 4A2) at around 700 nm and Yb3+ (2F5/2 → 2F7/2) at around 1000 nm, achieving a remarkable relative sensitivity of 2.69% at 100 K. This study confirms that the YbGd2Al1.98Cr0.02Ga3O12 thermometer fulfills the requirements for biological temperature measurements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biological and Biomedical Optoelectronics)
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