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New Advances and Challenges in Hydrate-Petroleum System Geology Characterization and Production Technology

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Earth Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 3961

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: natural gas hydrate; multi-scale mechanical characterization; DEM simulation; sand control and reservoir stimulation

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: unconventional energy; gas hydrate; drilling; petroleum engineering; CCUS

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural gas hydrate is a highly promising alternative energy source, known for its abundant resources, low carbon emissions, and environmental compatibility. Over the past few decades, significant laboratory research and field production trials have been conducted to utilize this valuable energy. However, the unique physical properties and accumulation environments of gas hydrate present challenges to achieving commercial standards in safe, efficient, and long-term hydrate production.

To effectively overcome these challenges, it is imperative to establish a comprehensive understanding of hydrate reservoirs and their relationship with conventional petroleum geology systems. This prerequisite, including geological identification and physical characterization of hydrate reservoirs, serves as the foundation for successful hydrate production. Furthermore, by integrating geological identification and engineering operation, novel engineering technologies must be developed and optimized for field hydrate production.

The objective of this Special Issue is to gather the latest advancements in theory, experimentation, simulation, and field studies within these areas, and to expedite the exploration and development process of hydrate reserves, ultimately facilitating the transition towards a more sustainable energy future.

Dr. Zhichao Liu
Prof. Dr. Fulong Ning
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • gas hydrate occurrence system
  • pressure core technology
  • hydrate-related characterization technology
  • case studies & novel production technology
  • sand control and reservoir stimulation
  • environment, climate and geo-hazard effects

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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26 pages, 14467 KiB  
Article
Sand Production Characteristics of Hydrate Reservoirs in the South China Sea
by Haoxian Shi, Yixin Zhong, Yanjiang Yu, Wenwei Xie, Zhiguo Zeng, Fulong Ning, Bo Li, Lixia Li, Zhichao Liu and Qiuping Lu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(16), 6906; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166906 - 7 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1035
Abstract
The degree and amount of sand production in hydrate reservoirs is related to the selection of stable production processes, but there is currently a lack of quantitative sand production prediction research using real logging data and formation samples from hydrate reservoirs. To reveal [...] Read more.
The degree and amount of sand production in hydrate reservoirs is related to the selection of stable production processes, but there is currently a lack of quantitative sand production prediction research using real logging data and formation samples from hydrate reservoirs. To reveal the dynamic change characteristics of in-situ reservoirs during hydrate decomposition, and explore quantitative prediction methods for guiding production practice, it is conducted a series of numerical simulations and quantitative prediction experiments. The numerical simulations are carried out using different sand-out prediction methods by using hydrate logging data during drilling, while quantitative prediction experiments of water production and sand-out are carried out based on in-situ reservoir samples. Our experiments indicate that hydrate mining is facing a serious risk of sand-out. The particle transport in the reservoir changes from “large-channel seepage” to “umbrella seepage” and then to “uniform fine flow” as the replacement flow rate decreases. A quantitative prediction model for water and sand production is also established. As a result, our study can provide support for the advancement of technology for long-term stable production and sand control of hydrates, laying the groundwork for developing a stable production plan for natural gas hydrates in offshore areas and determining the optimal depressurisation method. Full article
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16 pages, 6627 KiB  
Article
The Design and Application of a New Wireline Pressure Coring System for the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Methane Hydrate Expedition in the South China Sea
by Qiuping Lu, Rulei Qin, Yanjiang Yu, Liqiang Qi, Wenwei Xie, Hongfeng Lu, Benchong Xu, Haoxian Shi, Chenlu Xu and Xingchen Li
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(15), 6753; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156753 - 2 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1401
Abstract
Natural gas hydrate is widely distributed, shallow-buried, clean, and pollution-free and has enormous reserves, it is regarded as the alternative clean energy source in the oil and gas field with the most potential. Pressure coring is the only way to drill for gas [...] Read more.
Natural gas hydrate is widely distributed, shallow-buried, clean, and pollution-free and has enormous reserves, it is regarded as the alternative clean energy source in the oil and gas field with the most potential. Pressure coring is the only way to drill for gas hydrate core on the surface under in situ conditions, which is of great value for analyzing its occurrence conditions and reserves comprehensively. Based on this, a new wireline pressure coring system (WPCS) with a ball valve seal was designed and developed in this paper; it was applied in the deep sea for the first time in the South China Sea hydrate survey voyage of the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey (GMGS). A total of 15 runs of deep-sea gas hydrate drilling and coring applications were carried out, and they tested well. The experimental water depth was 1700–1800 m, and the coring depth below the seafloor was about 100–150 m. The formation consisted of sandy hydrate and argillaceous hydrate. The results showed the following. (1) The success rate of ball valve turn-over could reach almost 100% in the argillaceous hydrate reservoir, although there are some isolated cases of pressure relief. Meanwhile, drilling in the sandy hydrate reservoir, the success rate was only 54.55%. (2) When drilling in the argillaceous hydrate reservoir, the core recovery rate could reach 80%, while in the sandy hydrate reservoir, it was almost 0%. In practice, the sandy formation with gas hydrate is stiff to drill compared to the performance in argillaceous formations. After our analysis, it was believed that the ball valve and core tube could be easily plugged by sand debris during the sampling of sandy hydrate formation. Moreover, the sandy core is easily plugged into the core liner because of the high friction of sand grains in clearance. (3) The pressure-holding effect of the core drilling tool was related to the formation of hydrate, the sealing form of the ball valve, and the environmental pressure. Sandy hydrate formations often caused the ball valve to jam, while the muddy hydrate formation did not. The research results of this paper have reference value for the further optimization of the WPCS structure, the optimization of drilling parameters, and the design parameters of the ball valve structure, which could be better used for the pressure coring of gas hydrate and subsequent research work in the future. Full article
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15 pages, 1988 KiB  
Study Protocol
Research on the Designing and Experimental Performance Evaluation of a New Sand Control Screen for Argillaceous Fine Silt Gas Hydrate Reservoirs
by Echuan Wang, Hualin Liao and Heen Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10219; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210219 - 7 Nov 2024
Viewed by 670
Abstract
Argillaceous fine silt hydrate reservoirs have a clay content of 20–25% and a median sand particle size of 10–15 um. Sand control is extremely difficult, restricting the continuous and stable testing of gas hydrate. This paper focuses on the sand production mechanisms, plugging [...] Read more.
Argillaceous fine silt hydrate reservoirs have a clay content of 20–25% and a median sand particle size of 10–15 um. Sand control is extremely difficult, restricting the continuous and stable testing of gas hydrate. This paper focuses on the sand production mechanisms, plugging characteristics, and clogging mechanisms of these hydrate reservoirs. Based on the actual characteristics of hydrate reservoirs, it presents an understanding of the sand production mechanism of argillaceous fine silt. The characteristics and properties of three different sand control methods and six kinds of sand control screens are analyzed. Clear design concepts for sand control screens in argillaceous fine silt hydrate reservoirs are proposed. Two types of new sand control screen with metal filter screens and pre-filled screens have been innovatively designed, and the sand control ability and overflow performance of the screens are evaluated using the meter production index conversion method. Sand production simulation and comprehensive experimental evaluation and analysis of the flow performance of seven kinds of screens (themselves from two categories of screens) were carried out using a self-made special experimental testing device. The experimental results show that the newly designed screens have good flow performance and can meet the requirements of a certain gas production rate. Specifically, Class A metal screens (60/70 mesh) and Class B pre-filled screens (40/70 mesh) have excellent sand control capacity and flow performance, with 10 g sand output and 300 L total water output, thus fulfilling the sand control requirements and achieving the purpose of “effective sand control, prevention without plugging, and continuous stable production” of argillaceous fine silt gas hydrate reservoirs. They therefore provide a reference for future research on sand control and new screen designs for argillaceous fine silt hydrate reservoirs. Full article
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