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Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Transportation and Future Mobility".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 7093

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Roland Jachimowski

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Transport, Warsaw University of Technology, 00662 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: modeling and optimization of logistics systems; material flow simulation; intermodal transport technology; intermodal terminals design and optimization; ecology in transport
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Andrzej Ratkiewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Faculty of Transport, Warsaw University of Technology, 00662 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: transport; facility space design; TRIZ; process modelling in logistics systems; warehousing and material flow optimization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A safer, more environmentally friendly, and smarter way of mobility has been envisioned in recent years to create a better future. Whether accelerating seamless mobility technologies, connected and autonomous vehicle technologies, or smart infrastructure deployments that encourage new modes and ways of transportation such as micromobility, ride-hailing services, car sharing, bike sharing, micromobility, and unmanned systems, they are all on the way to an ideal new transportation system for the 21st century.

In this Special Issue on “Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility”, we are aiming to include all the aspects of future transportation technologies, including but not limited to V2X and connected transportation, autonomous vehicles, smart infrastructure, freight, and so on. If you are interested in this topic and would like to share your work with us, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Dr. Roland Jachimowski
Dr. Andrzej Ratkiewicz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

V2X and connected transportation
autonomous vehicles
smart infrastructure
freight

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 190 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility

by Roland Jachimowski

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(22), 11663; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211663 - 17 Nov 2022

Viewed by 1286

Abstract

I am pleased to present this Special Issue on “Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility” [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

20 pages, 2069 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Traffic Organisation in the Kiss-and-Fly Zone of Kraków Airport: Eye-Tracking Study

by Anton Pashkevich, Adrian Piegza, Antoni Krawiec, Arkadiusz Bylica and Matus Sucha

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3868; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093868 - 30 Apr 2024

Viewed by 221

Abstract

When choosing the way to come to airports, quite a large number of passengers prefer when they are dropped off/picked up at airports using kiss-and-fly (K&F) zones. Such a travel option is associated with a special traffic organisation on the airport ground access. As there are no common regulations or standards when creating such a complex infrastructure object, it could be a challenge for drivers when searching and moving through it. Therefore, the main aim of the presented study was to assess and verify the eye-tracking technique as an objective tool, which can allow one to identify and estimate confusion points met by road users when using such an object. The field tests with 23 drivers were conducted in the K&F zone of Kraków Airport, and the data analysis focused on the traffic organisation and road signage as its key and integral parts. The eye-tracking approach allowed us to clearly find confusing situations for drivers as well as explain their reasons confirming its suitability and usefulness for the declared aim. Also, the perception of standardised and unstandardised signage of the K&F zone as well as the influence of route familiarity for drivers were discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility)

24 pages, 3394 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Aiding Automated Shuttles with Their Driving Tasks as an On-Board Operator: A Case Study on Different Automated Driving Systems in Three Living Labs

by Andreas Schrank, Carmen Kettwich and Michael Oehl

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(8), 3336; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083336 - 15 Apr 2024

Viewed by 462

Abstract

Highly automated shuttle vehicles (SAE Level 4) have the potential to enhance public transport services by decreasing the demand for drivers, enabling more frequent and flexible ride options. However, at least in a transitionary phase, safety operators that supervise and support the shuttles with their driving tasks may be required on board the vehicle from a technical or legal point of view. A crucial component for executing supervisory and intervening tasks is the human–machine interface between an automated vehicle and its on-board operator. This research presents in-depth case studies from three heterogenous living laboratories in Germany that deployed highly automated shuttle vehicles with on-board operators on public roads. The living labs differed significantly regarding the on-board operators’ tasks and the design of the human–machine interfaces. Originally considered a provisional solution until the vehicle automation is fully capable of running without human support, these interfaces were, in general, not designed in a user-centered way. However, since technological progress has been slower than expected, on-board operator interfaces are likely to persist in the mid-term at least. Hence, this research aims to assess the aptitude of interfaces that are in practical use for the on-board operators’ tasks, in order to determine the user-centered design of future interfaces. Completing questionnaires and undergoing comprehensive, semi-structured interviews, nine on-board operators evaluated their human–machine interfaces in light of the respective tasks they complete regarding user variables such as work context, acceptance, system transparency, and trust. The results were highly diverse across laboratories and underlined that the concrete system setup, encompassing task and interface design, has a considerable impact on these variables. Ergonomics, physical demand, and system transparency were identified as the most significant deficits. These findings and derived recommendations may inform the design of on-board operator workspaces, and bear implications for remote operation workstations as well. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility)

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21 pages, 3078 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Increasing the Readiness of Railway Traffic Control Devices Using a Functional Test Generation Method

by Paweł Drózd and Adam Rosiński

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7717; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137717 - 29 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 717

Abstract

Railway traffic control (RTC) equipment are technical devices developed for maintaining the safety of rail vehicle traffic operation, and must satisfy certain requirements related to a specific level of traffic safety and effectiveness. They are designed to ensure operational reliability under the intended application conditions throughout their entire service life. Regardless of their type and kind, however, they must behave in accordance with the assumed functional rules and requirements. This is why periodic tests of their correct operation are so crucial. Functional tests are applied to this end. They are employed in the course of device design and approval for use as well as in equipment operational diagnostics. Previous methods for generating test sets and their processing have been intuitive and often rely on the experience of testers that have been acquired in the course of implementing other tests. Such tests may be incomplete or fail to take into account all studied functions. Therefore, this article presents a proprietary method for generating functional tests covering railway traffic control devices that improve their readiness. The authors describe a test determination procedure algorithm and specify the conditions to be met by a test set and by optimization criteria. The article ends with a computer-based exemplification of the developed functional test generation method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility)

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12 pages, 1715 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Labelling Method for the Travelling Salesman Problem

by Trust Tawanda, Philimon Nyamugure, Santosh Kumar and Elias Munapo

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(11), 6417; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13116417 - 24 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2091

Abstract

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a problem whereby a finite number of nodes are supposed to be visited exactly once, one after the other, in such a way that the total weight of connecting arcs used to visit these nodes is minimized. We propose a labelling method to solve the TSP problem. The algorithm terminates after K−1 iterations, where K is the total number of nodes in the network. The algorithm’s design allows it to determine alternative tours if there are any in the TSP network. The computational complexity of the algorithm reduces as iterations increase, thereby making it a powerful and efficient algorithm. Numerical illustrations are used to prove the efficiency and validity of the proposed algorithm. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility)

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26 pages, 5833 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Urban Congestion Avoidance Methodology Based on Vehicular Traffic Thresholding

by Ioan Stan, Daniel Alexandru Ghere, Paula Iarina Dan and Rodica Potolea

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2143; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042143 - 07 Feb 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1327

Abstract

Vehicular traffic in urban areas faces congestion challenges that negatively impact our lives. The infrastructure associated with intelligent transportation systems provides means for addressing the associated challenges in urban areas. This study proposes an effective and scalable vehicular traffic congestion avoidance methodology. It introduces a traffic thresholding mechanism to predict and avoid vehicular traffic congestion during route computation. Our methodology was evaluated and validated by employing four road network topologies, three vehicular traffic density levels and various traffic light configurations, resulting in 26 urban traffic scenarios. Using our approach, the number of vehicles that can run in free flow can be increased by up to 200%, whereas for traffic congestion scenarios, the time spent in traffic may be reduced by up to 69% and CO₂ emissions by up to 61%. To the best of our knowledge, in the vehicular traffic flow prediction domain, this is the first approach that covers a set of road network topologies and a large and representative set of scenarios for simulated urban traffic congestion testing. Moreover, the comparative analysis with different other solutions in the domain, showed that we obtained the best driving time and CO₂ emission reduction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation in the 21st Century: New Vision on Future Mobility)

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