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Advanced Dental Materials and Its Applications
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Advanced Dental Materials and Its Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 8363

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Irene Pina-Vaz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
Interests: endodontics; dental materials; nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Inês Ferreira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Porto, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
Interests: endodontics; dental materials; nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the field of dental materials has evolved, resulting in new perspectives and successful treatment outcomes. Even though the behavior of dental materials has been extensively studied, the newest proposals and their applications need to be explored. The goals of complete apical periodontitis healing, pulp regeneration or the absence of microleakage are not yet achievable. Advancements in clinical protocols using modified materials is one of the strategies that needs to be explored. Basic research within this scope is needed as well as randomized clinical studies to ensure clinical relevance.

The aim of this Special Issue of the Journal of Applied Sciences is to highlight research on the newest or modified dental materials, and their application in the field of dentistry, with a particular focus on endodontics and restorative dentistry.

I am delighted to invite you to submit an original research article, a review paper, or a case report to this Special Issue "Advanced dental materials and its applications”.

Dr. Irene Pina-Vaz
Guest Editor

Dr. Inês Ferreira
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental materials
  • restorative materials
  • regenerative dentistry
  • endodontic materials
  • regenerative endodontics
  • advanced technologies
  • biomaterials
  • nanomaterials

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3410 KiB  
Article
Impact of Varying Amplitudes of Upward and Downward Motion on the Torque/Force Generation, Canal-Centering Ability, and Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Nickel–Titanium Reciprocating Instrument
by Keiko Hirano, Shunsuke Kimura, Keiichiro Maki, Satoshi Omori, Arata Ebihara and Takashi Okiji
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(1), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010288 - 31 Dec 2024
Viewed by 593
Abstract
The optimal amplitude of pecking motion during nickel–titanium rotary root canal instrumentation remains unclear. This study evaluated how different pecking amplitudes influence the force/torque generation, canal-centering ability, and cyclic fatigue resistance of the Reciproc Blue R25 instrument. Thirty J-shaped resin canals were instrumented [...] Read more.
The optimal amplitude of pecking motion during nickel–titanium rotary root canal instrumentation remains unclear. This study evaluated how different pecking amplitudes influence the force/torque generation, canal-centering ability, and cyclic fatigue resistance of the Reciproc Blue R25 instrument. Thirty J-shaped resin canals were instrumented with Reciproc Blue using automated instrumentation and a torque/force sensing device with an up-and-down speed of 50 mm/min and varying pecking amplitudes: Group S (1 s apically, 0.5 s coronally), Group M (2 s apically, 1 s coronally), and Group L (4 s apically, 2 s coronally) (n = 10 each). Force/torque were recorded, and canal-centering ratios were determined. In a dynamic cyclic fatigue test, the Reciproc Blue instruments were rotated in a curved metal canal with 1 mm or 3 mm back-and-forth motions (n = 10 each). Group L exhibited significantly greater maximum downward force and cumulative upward (screw-in) force than Group S (p < 0.05), but torque was not significantly different across groups. Groups M and L exhibited a significantly smaller canal-centering ratio than Group S (p < 0.05). Pecking at 3 mm led to a significantly longer time to fracture and shorter fragment lengths than 1 mm pecking (p < 0.05). In the Reciproc Blue instrumentation, higher pecking amplitude improved canal-centering ability and cyclic fatigue resistance while increasing upward and downward forces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Its Applications)
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20 pages, 11994 KiB  
Article
Cytotoxicity of Orthodontic Archwires Used in Clinical Practice: In Vitro Study
by Oskar Tokarczuk, Piotr Suski, Beata Tokarczuk and Marcin Mikulewicz
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(21), 9679; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14219679 - 23 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1242
Abstract
This study investigates the cytotoxicity of various orthodontic archwires, which are essential in directing tooth movement through biomechanical forces. With advancements in material science, different archwire materials have been developed to balance mechanical performance with aesthetic and biological considerations. The study focuses on [...] Read more.
This study investigates the cytotoxicity of various orthodontic archwires, which are essential in directing tooth movement through biomechanical forces. With advancements in material science, different archwire materials have been developed to balance mechanical performance with aesthetic and biological considerations. The study focuses on evaluating the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of stainless steel, nickel–titanium, and chromium–cobalt archwires, particularly their cytotoxic effects on oral cavity cells. In vitro cell culture experiments with fibroblasts, combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, were conducted to assess cell viability and morphology. The results revealed significant differences in cytotoxicity, with copper wires showing high toxicity and causing extensive cell death, while nickel–titanium and chromium–cobalt wires supported better cell viability and healthier cell morphology. These findings highlight the importance of selecting archwire materials that ensure mechanical efficiency without compromising cellular health, emphasizing the need for ongoing assessment of material biocompatibility in the oral environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Its Applications)
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15 pages, 3347 KiB  
Article
Compressive Strength Comparison of Different Orthodontic Metal Bracket Systems
by Çağan Erkman Şaylan and Mehmet Birol Özel
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(15), 6692; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156692 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1382
Abstract
Rebonding of orthodontic brackets to new positions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances is a common practice and it is important not to cause plastic deformation during bracket removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of various brackets to [...] Read more.
Rebonding of orthodontic brackets to new positions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances is a common practice and it is important not to cause plastic deformation during bracket removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of various brackets to compression and assess their thresholds for plastic deformation. 5 different groups of metal brackets (BioQuick, Damon Q, Experience, Mini Diamond, Mini Sprint II) were bonded to 85 extracted human central incisor teeth utilizing the same adhesive system (Transbond XT). Compressive forces were applied via Weingart forceps in order to mimic clinical setting with the Shimadzu Universal tester. Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for comparing groups. Damon Q group exhibited the highest yield point value (549.35 N), the highest ultimate strength value (764.50 N) and the highest failure/debonding point value (721.89 N). The lowest yield point value (211.73 N), the lowest ultimate strength value (224.07 N) and the lowest failure/debonding point value (121.71 N) were found in the Mini Diamond group. The ultimate strength point values of Damon Q and Experience brackets were higher compared to Mini Diamond, BioQuick and Mini Sprint II brackets (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference between Damon Q and Experience brackets in terms of yield strength and ultimate strength values (p > 0.05) were observed. Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) score was 3 for all debonded samples. It may be concluded that Damon Q brackets were more resistant to plastic deformation than Mini Diamond, BioQuick and Mini Sprint II brackets (p < 0.05). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Its Applications)
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14 pages, 4815 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Incorporating Five Different Boron Materials into a Dental Composite on Its Mechanical Properties
by Mehmet Kutluhan Ucuk and Musa Kazim Ucuncu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14031054 - 26 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2693
Abstract
The aim of this study is to comparatively investigate changes in mechanical properties by adding five different types of boron derivatives to a microhybrid dental composite structure. In this study, which evaluated upper and lower surface microhardness (VHN), roughness (Ra), and color stability [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to comparatively investigate changes in mechanical properties by adding five different types of boron derivatives to a microhybrid dental composite structure. In this study, which evaluated upper and lower surface microhardness (VHN), roughness (Ra), and color stability (∆E), a total of 126 discs were used (n = 7; per each subgroup). All boron derivatives were added to the dental composite structure in equal proportions in a dark room to create experimental composites (5% w/w). To enable comparison, a default composite without the addition of any boron derivative served as the negative control group. Before measurements, all samples were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. For surface microhardness, roughness, and color stability, all experimental groups were statistically significant within themselves (p < 0.001). The group with borax pentahydrate exhibited the highest VHN value on the upper surface, while the lowest value was observed in the group with etifert. It was found that all experimental groups showed a decrease in lower surface microhardness compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Although the eticol-ceramic-added group had the lowest roughness values, this group also exhibited significantly higher ∆E values compared to the other groups. Surface roughness showed a negative correlation with ∆E and upper surface microhardness values for all experimental groups (respectively p = 0.038; r = −0.185/p = 0.006; r = −0.245). To sum up, the addition of boron derivatives to composites, except for etifert, increased upper surface microhardness values; however, except for eticol-ceramic, surface roughness values also increased. Nevertheless, the addition of boron derivatives, except for eticol-ceramic, ensures color stabilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Its Applications)
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10 pages, 2722 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Dentin Tubule Occlusion Using Pre-Treatment with No-Ozone Cold Plasma: An In Vitro Study
by Byul-Bora Choi, Seung-Ah Park, Jeong-Hae Choi, Sang-Rye Park and Gyoo-Cheon Kim
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(21), 11728; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132111728 - 26 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1665
Abstract
Dentin hypersensitivity is a common disease of the oral cavity, which renders the tooth extremely sensitive to stimuli. These symptoms usually result from the exposure of the dentinal tubules to the external environment. There is a need for a treatment for dentinal hypersensitivity [...] Read more.
Dentin hypersensitivity is a common disease of the oral cavity, which renders the tooth extremely sensitive to stimuli. These symptoms usually result from the exposure of the dentinal tubules to the external environment. There is a need for a treatment for dentinal hypersensitivity that can overcome the shortcomings of the existing agents. This study thus aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of no-ozone cold plasma (NCP), which was developed for safe use in the oral cavity, in conjunction with 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) and hydroxyapatite (HA), which are widely used conventional treatments of hypersensitivity. The fluoride content was evaluated using electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) analysis. Moreover, we confirmed the effect of NCP pre-treatment on the dentinal tubule occlusion by APF and HA as follows: scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry were employed to analyze the exposed dentinal tubules, and the calcium and phosphorus content were measured. Furthermore, an additional experiment was conducted using a metal mesh to analyze the working elements of NCP. All experimental results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and then by using the Turkey test as a post hoc test. EPMA analysis confirmed that the fluoride content of the APF and NCP group was significantly higher than that of the APF group (p < 0.001). The fluoride content of the group treated with APF and NCP equipped with a metal mesh was significantly lower than that in the group treated with APF and NCP and the group treated with APF and NCP equipped with a cotton mesh (p < 0.01). Moreover, the group treated with NCP pre-treated with HA and APF exhibited significantly greater dentinal tubule occlusion than the other groups (p < 0.05). The same result was confirmed by calculating the calcium/phosphorus ratio (p < 0.05). Pre-treatment of the enamel and dentin surfaces with plasma improved hypersensitivity by enhancing fluoride deposition with APF and dentinal tubule occlusion with HA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Dental Materials and Its Applications)
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