Based on Antioxidant Capacity: The Multifunctional Roles of Bioactive Compounds from Fruits and Vegetables in Precision Nutrition

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 6172

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Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
Interests: obesity; sports nutrition; bariatric surgery; body composition; mediterranean diet; clinical nutrition
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "Based on Antioxidant Capacity: The Multifunctional Roles of Bioactive Compounds from Fruits and Vegetables in Precision Nutrition," published in Antioxidants, will explore the multiple biological roles of plant bioactive compounds and their impact on precision nutrition. Fruits and vegetables, rich in polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamins, and other phytochemicals, exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic actions essential for the prevention of chronic diseases and the promotion of health. This Special Issue will feature original studies and reviews that delve into the molecular mechanisms, interactions with the microbiota, and influence on gene modulation in relation to clinical effects and personalized nutritional profiles. The focus is on integrating laboratory evidence and clinical data to advance understanding of the role of bioactive plant compounds in supporting health within personalized, evidence-based nutritional approaches.

Prof. Dr. Mauro Lombardo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • fruits and vegetables
  • antioxidants
  • anti-inflammatory
  • plant compounds
  • health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 3772 KB  
Article
Immune-Enhancement Effects of 6-Methoxykaempferol on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression via Improving Antioxidant Enzyme Expression, NF-κB and MAPK Signaling, and Modulating Gut Microbiome
by Na-Yeon Jang, Varun Jaiswal, Miey Park and Hae-Jeung Lee
Antioxidants 2026, 15(3), 334; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox15030334 - 6 Mar 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1020
Abstract
The immune system maintains homeostasis through coordinated innate and adaptive responses, and its imbalance increases disease susceptibility. The immunomodulatory effects of 6-methoxykaempferol (6MK), a methoxylated flavonoid found in sweet cherries, were studied in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide (CPA)-induced immunosuppression. The expression of [...] Read more.
The immune system maintains homeostasis through coordinated innate and adaptive responses, and its imbalance increases disease susceptibility. The immunomodulatory effects of 6-methoxykaempferol (6MK), a methoxylated flavonoid found in sweet cherries, were studied in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide (CPA)-induced immunosuppression. The expression of key signaling proteins in the NF-κB and MAPK pathways was studied to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The Toll-like receptor-4/myeloid differentiation factor-2 receptor complex (TLR4/MD2), which can stimulate the immune response by activating these pathways, was used to study possible interactions with 6MK using docking analysis. 6MK administration significantly restored immune organ integrity (spleen up to 15.1% and thymus up to 16.8%), enhanced NK cell function (up to 43.8%), promoted T (up to 24.5%) and B cell proliferation (up to 26.4%), increased pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β) levels, and elevated NO (up to 25.6%) and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, and IgM) concentrations. Additionally, 6MK upregulated antioxidant enzymes (CAT, HO-1, and SOD) and reactivated suppressed NF-κB and MAPK pathways. The docking-supported hypothesis, based on putative interactions and the estimated free energy of binding, suggests that 6MK possesses agonistic potential for the TLR4/MD2. Changes in the gut microbiome due to 6MK treatment, such as an increase in alpha diversity, abundance of Dorea longicatena, and the upregulation of formaldehyde-consuming pathways, may also contribute to immune enhancement. These findings show that 6MK may alleviate immunosuppression, suggesting its potential for future studies targeting immune-related diseases and conditions. Full article
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Review

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28 pages, 817 KB  
Review
Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Potential of Truffles: A Comprehensive Review
by Sara Baldelli, Gilda Aiello, Alessandra De Bruno, Serena Castelli, Mauro Lombardo, Vilberto Stocchi and Gianluca Tripodi
Antioxidants 2025, 14(11), 1341; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14111341 - 7 Nov 2025
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4758
Abstract
Truffles are edible symbiotic hypogeal fungi and highly prized worldwide for their unique aroma and rich nutritional profile. Belonging to the order Pezizales and family Tuberaceae, with the genus Tuber being the most notable, truffles contain a diverse array of bioactive compounds including [...] Read more.
Truffles are edible symbiotic hypogeal fungi and highly prized worldwide for their unique aroma and rich nutritional profile. Belonging to the order Pezizales and family Tuberaceae, with the genus Tuber being the most notable, truffles contain a diverse array of bioactive compounds including phenols, terpenoids, polysaccharides, anandamide, fatty acids, and ergosterols. These compounds contribute to a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anticancer effects. This review comprehensively summarizes current scientific evidence on the biochemical composition, nutritional and aromatic properties, and biological activities of truffles, with special emphasis on their antioxidant and anti-tumor potential. Additionally, factors influencing truffle productivity and quality as well as advanced extraction and storage techniques to preserve bioactivity are discussed, highlighting their potential as valuable functional foods and sources of natural antioxidants. Full article
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