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Antibiotics
Special Issues
A One Health Approach to Antimicrobial Resistance
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A One Health Approach to Antimicrobial Resistance

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2024 | Viewed by 4532

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Beatriz Robredo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Área Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales, OneHealth-UR Research Group, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
Interests: one health; education; antibiotics; microbiology
Dr. Belén Fouz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto Universitario BIOTECMED/Departamento Microbiología y Ecología, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
Interests: microbiology; bacterial pathogens; health in Aquaculture; antibiotic resistance; vaccines; education
Dr. Rosa Alduina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
Interests: antibiotic biosynthesis and Actinomycetes; antibiotic resistance; microbiome; resistome; glycopeptides; regulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To address the problem of antibiotic resistance, we have conceived of six strategic or action lines based on the One Health concept, which recognizes that human health, animal health and environment are intertwined. This strategy is necessary because the isolated efforts of different sectors are not sufficient to tackle the problem of resistance. The contribution of health and environmental professionals in the different work areas is a key element.

SURVEILLANCE of the use of antibiotics is a fundamental pillar in the fight against resistance because it allows information to be gathered regarding prescription habits and behaviors related to the consumption of antibiotics.

CONTROL of the diffusion of resistance to antibiotics. It is crucial to design and disseminate tools that facilitate the promotion of good practices for their use in healthcare, at home, among animals and in the environment.

PREVENTION of disease to reduce the need for antibiotics. In this context, strategies for the improvement of hygiene measures, the development of susceptibility tests and rapid diagnostic methods, as well as the development of standards to reduce the risk of infection and transmission of resistant organisms in different settings, are key.

INVESTIGATION of the channels of antimicrobial resistance and of the search for antimicrobial alternatives.

TRAINING of healthcare professionals at all stages of their professional lives to improve their knowledge on the prudent use of antibiotics and infection prevention.

COMMUNICATION aimed at the general public and specific population groups to make everyone aware of the problem of antibiotic resistance and contribute to the prudent use of antibiotics.

This Special Issue seeks manuscript submissions that further our understanding of antimicrobial resistance from a One Health approach.

Dr. Beatriz Robredo
Dr. Belén Fouz
Dr. Rosa Alduina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • one health
  • antibiotic
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • animal
  • food
  • environment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1492 KiB  
Article
Searching for Antimicrobial-Producing Bacteria from Soils through an Educational Project and Their Evaluation as Potential Biocontrol Agents
by Mario Sergio Pino-Hurtado, Rosa Fernández-Fernández, Carmen Torres and Beatriz Robredo
Antibiotics 2024, 13(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13010029 - 28 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1560
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious threat to public health due to the lack of effective drugs to combat infectious diseases, which generates the need to search for new antimicrobial substances. In this study, the potential of soil as a source of antimicrobial-producing [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious threat to public health due to the lack of effective drugs to combat infectious diseases, which generates the need to search for new antimicrobial substances. In this study, the potential of soil as a source of antimicrobial-producing bacteria (APB) was investigated and the importance of the connection between education and science was emphasized, using service-learning methodologies. Sixty-one soil samples were collected, and 1220 bacterial isolates were recovered. Eighteen of these isolates showed antimicrobial activity against at least 1 of the 12 indicator bacteria tested (including multidrug-resistant and relevant pathogens). The 18 APB were identified by MALDI-TOF and 6 different genera (Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Lysinobacillus, Peribacillus, Streptomyces, and Advenella) and 10 species were identified. The 18 APB were tested for antifungal activity against four phytopathogenic fungi (Botritis cynerea, Lecanicillium fungicola, Trichoderma harzianum, and Cladobotryum mycophilum). Moreover, the antibiotic susceptibility of APB was tested using the disk-diffusion method as well as their β-hemolytic activity (important safety criteria for potential future applications). A total of 10 of the 18 APB were able to inhibit at least 50% of indicator bacteria tested, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), among others. A total of 4 of the 18 APB (3 Bacillus pumilus and 1 Bacillus altitudinis) showed inhibitory activity against two of the four fungal pathogens tested (B. cinerea and L. fungicola), as well as against 5–7 of the 12 bacterial pathogen indicators; these 4 isolates showed susceptibility to the antibiotics tested and lacked β-hemolytic activity and were considered promising APB for use as potential biocontrol agents. In addition, one Brevibacillus laterosporus strain had activity against 83% of indicator bacteria tested including Escherichia coli, MRSA and other methicillin-resistant staphylococci, as well as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (but not against fungi). These results show that soil is a source of APB with relevant antibacterial and antifungal activities, and also emphasize the importance of education and science to raise public awareness of the AMR problem and the strategies to control it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A One Health Approach to Antimicrobial Resistance)
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11 pages, 600 KiB  
Article
Bloodstream Infections in Intensive Care Unit during Four Consecutive SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Waves
by Giacomo Pozza, Giacomo Casalini, Cosmin Lucian Ciubotariu, Andrea Giacomelli, Miriam Galimberti, Martina Zacheo, Andrea Rabbione, Margherita Pieruzzi, Letizia Oreni, Laura Galimberti, Riccardo Colombo, Giuliano Rizzardini, Cristina Pagani, Sara Giordana Rimoldi, Cecilia Bonazzetti, Anna Lisa Ridolfo and Spinello Antinori
Antibiotics 2023, 12(9), 1448; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12091448 - 14 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 914
Abstract
Critically ill COVID-19 patients are at an increased risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs). We performed a retrospective observational single-center study on COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) to assess the incidence of BSIs in four consecutive periods: 21 February–31 July 2020 [...] Read more.
Critically ill COVID-19 patients are at an increased risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs). We performed a retrospective observational single-center study on COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) to assess the incidence of BSIs in four consecutive periods: 21 February–31 July 2020 (W1), 1 August 2020–31 January 2021 (W2), 1 February–30 September 2021 (W3) and 1 October 2021 and 30 April 2022 (W4). BSIs that occurred 48 h after ICU admission were included. The crude incidence of BSIs was estimated by means of Poisson distribution normalized to 1000 patient-days. A total of 404 critically ill COVID-19 patients were admitted to ICU, of whom 284 (61%) developed at least one episode of BSI with an overall crude incidence of 87 events every 1000 patient-days (95% CI 77–98) without a significant difference in consecutive epidemic periods (p = 0.357). Gram-positive bacteria were the most frequent etiological agents of BSIs, contributing to 74.6% episodes. A progressive decrease in BSIs due to Enterococcus spp. was observed (W1 57.4%, W2 43.7%, W3 35.7% and W4 32.7%; p = 0.004). The incidence of BSIs remained stable during different epidemic periods. Enterococcus spp. prevalence was significantly reduced, although still accounted for one third of BSIs in more recent epidemic periods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A One Health Approach to Antimicrobial Resistance)
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13 pages, 2407 KiB  
Article
Epidemiological Impact on Use of Antibiotics in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Italy
by Zaira Maraia, Tony Mazzoni, Miriana Pia Turtora, Alessandra Tempera, Marco Spinosi, Anita Vagnoni and Isidoro Mazzoni
Antibiotics 2023, 12(5), 912; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050912 - 15 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1384
Abstract
The increased incidence of antimicrobial resistance during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a very important collateral damage of global concern. The cause is multifactorial and is particularly related to the high rates of antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients with a relatively low rate [...] Read more.
The increased incidence of antimicrobial resistance during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a very important collateral damage of global concern. The cause is multifactorial and is particularly related to the high rates of antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients with a relatively low rate of secondary co-infection. To this end, we conducted a retrospective observational study of 1269 COVID-19 patients admitted during the years 2020, 2021 and 2022 in two Italian hospitals, with a focus on bacterial co-infections and antimicrobial therapy. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between bacterial co-infection, antibiotic use and hospital death after adjustment for age and comorbidity. Bacterial co-infection was detected in 185 patients. The overall mortality rate was 25% (n = 317). Concomitant bacterial infections were associated with increased hospital mortality (β = 1.002, p < 0.001). A total of 83.7% (n = 1062) of patients received antibiotic therapy, but only 14.6% of these patients had an obvious source of bacterial infection. There was a significantly higher rate of hospital mortality in patients who received antibiotics than in those who did not (χ2 = 6.22, p = 0.012). Appropriate prescribing and the rational use of antimicrobials according to the principles of antimicrobial stewardship can help prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue A One Health Approach to Antimicrobial Resistance)
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