Artificial Intelligence in Space Applications

A special issue of Algorithms (ISSN 1999-4893). This special issue belongs to the section "Evolutionary Algorithms and Machine Learning".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2025) | Viewed by 546

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Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic of Lisbon, 1500-310 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: reconfigurable computing; embedded high-performance computing; reconfigurable architectures for deep learning; computer arithmetic
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a game changer in various fields, and its utilization for space applications is no exception. There are several keyways AI is being used in space applications, such as autonomous spacecraft and rovers, satellite imaging and data analysis, space debris management (where AI is used to track and predict the movement of space debris), mission planning and optimization, improvement of communications between the spacecraft and Earth, astronomical research by processing vast amounts of data from telescopes and observatories, helping space robotics to move and take decisions, autonomous space exploration, and astronaut support by providing real-time assistance.

As AI continues to evolve, we can expect its role in space applications to expand significantly, contributing to more efficient, cost-effective, and safer operations. This is an exciting frontier with immense potential for advancing both space exploration and the technology used to support it.

This issue addresses the research and development of artificial intelligence solutions for space applications. The goal is to bring artificial intelligence and information-processing research communities together to boost this complex field with new developments and research works. Topics of interest include:

Autonomous Spacecraft Navigation;

AI in Space-Based Astronomy;

Space Robotics and AI-Powered Rovers;

AI and Space Debris Monitoring;

AI for Deep Space Exploration;

AI in Satellite Data Analysis;

AI and Predictive Maintenance for Spacecraft;

AI in Space-Based Communication Systems;

AI-Assisted Astronaut Health Monitoring and Support;

AI for Space Weather Prediction;

AI-Driven Mission Design and Optimization;

AI for Deep Learning in Space Science;

AI for Space Security and Cybersecurity. 

Prof. Dr. Mário Véstias
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • space robotics
  • space monitoring
  • deep learning (DL)
  • autonomous navigation
  • satellite imaging
  • Earth observation
  • edge computing in space

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

31 pages, 741 KiB  
Article
Inspiring from Galaxies to Green AI in Earth: Benchmarking Energy-Efficient Models for Galaxy Morphology Classification
by Vasileios Alevizos, Emmanouil V. Gkouvrikos, Ilias Georgousis, Sotiria Karipidou and George A. Papakostas
Algorithms 2025, 18(7), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/a18070399 - 28 Jun 2025
Viewed by 275
Abstract
Recent advancements in space exploration have significantly increased the volume of astronomical data, heightening the demand for efficient analytical methods. Concurrently, the considerable energy consumption of machine learning (ML) has fostered the emergence of Green AI, emphasizing sustainable, energy-efficient computational practices. We introduce [...] Read more.
Recent advancements in space exploration have significantly increased the volume of astronomical data, heightening the demand for efficient analytical methods. Concurrently, the considerable energy consumption of machine learning (ML) has fostered the emergence of Green AI, emphasizing sustainable, energy-efficient computational practices. We introduce the first large-scale Green AI benchmark for galaxy morphology classification, evaluating over 30 machine learning architectures (classical, ensemble, deep, and hybrid) on CPU and GPU platforms using a balanced subset of the Galaxy Zoo dataset. Beyond traditional metrics (precision, recall, and F1-score), we quantify inference latency, energy consumption, and carbon-equivalent emissions to derive an integrated EcoScore that captures the trade-off between predictive performance and environmental impact. Our results reveal that a GPU-optimized multilayer perceptron achieves state-of-the-art accuracy of 98% while emitting 20× less CO2 than ensemble forests, which—despite comparable accuracy—incur substantially higher energy costs. We demonstrate that hardware–algorithm co-design, model sparsification, and careful hyperparameter tuning can reduce carbon footprints by over 90% with negligible loss in classification quality. These findings provide actionable guidelines for deploying energy-efficient, high-fidelity models in both ground-based data centers and onboard space observatories, paving the way for truly sustainable, large-scale astronomical data analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence in Space Applications)
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