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Agronomy
Special Issues
Nematode Diseases and Their Management in Crop Plants
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Nematode Diseases and Their Management in Crop Plants

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Pest and Disease Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 8865

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Isabel Luci Pisa Mata da Conceição

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: nematology; phytopathology; plant parasitic nematodes; Globodera spp.; Meloidogyne spp.; integrated plant management; bionematicides; plant–nematode interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

More than 4000 species of nematode are plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), which affect the quality and quantity of many crops. PPNs attack plants and disrupt their development, causing reductions in crop yield and in the quality of the products. Their control is mainly achieved by means of crop rotation and the use of resistant cultivars, combined with synthetic nematicide application. Even though the use of chemical pesticides is an effective control strategy, this is expensive and legislation is very strict regarding their use in the field, focusing mainly on environmental and health risks. The increase in environmental concerns and regulatory restrictions has led to the urgent need to find alternative control measures that have the same efficacy as chemical nematicides. These alternatives need to be less expensive and more environmentally friendly than the methods currently used.

This Special Issue focuses on management methodologies to control nematodes that cause damage to economically important crops and will include interdisciplinary studies including nematology, phytopathology, and pest management studies. Research articles will cover a broad range of fields, such as new technologies to control PPNs in the field and more environmentally and health-friendly management strategies.

Prof. Dr. Isabel Luci Pisa Mata da Conceição
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crop production
  • crop protection
  • integrated pest management
  • nematode diseases
  • pest control
  • plant-parasitic nematodes

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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28 pages, 11204 KiB  
Article
Influence of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum on Growth, Physiological, Biochemical, and Root Morphology in Tomato Hybrids Cultivars
by Aatika Sikandar, Yixue Mo, Bochang Chen, Yasar Nishat and Haiyan Wu
Agronomy 2025, 15(4), 890; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15040890 - 2 Apr 2025
Viewed by 343
Abstract
Soil-borne pathogens can severely reduce vegetable crop output and quality. A disease complex may develop when many soil-borne pathogens attack a crop simultaneously, which can cause more damage. The soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) and the nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) significantly reduce global [...] Read more.
Soil-borne pathogens can severely reduce vegetable crop output and quality. A disease complex may develop when many soil-borne pathogens attack a crop simultaneously, which can cause more damage. The soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) and the nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) significantly reduce global tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yields. After a soil-borne pathogenic infection, plants undergo numerous changes. Therefore, we conducted the present study to examine the impact of soil-borne pathogens Fo and Mi on the growth, physiology, biochemical, and root morphology of tomato cultivars Zhongza 09 (ZZ09) and Gailiang Maofen 802 (GLMFA and GLMFB) at 10, 20, and 30 days after-inoculation (DAI). The present study revealed that combined infections adversely damaged plant growth, photosynthetic pigmentation, gas exchange, biochemistry, and root morphology. The plant growth reduction in GLMFA and GLMFB was greater than in ZZ09. The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic indices declined dramatically; however, ZZ09 declined less than GLMFA and GLMFB plants. In GLMFA and GLMFB plants, the combined infection of Fo and Mi lowered plant-defense-related antioxidant activity compared to their single infection or control. ZZ09’s antioxidants were greatly up-regulated, indicating pathogen tolerance. ZZ09 had significantly lower gall and wilt disease indices than GLMFA and GLMFB. Moreover, the microscopic examination of roots showed that Fo and Mi infection damaged GLMFA and GLMFB more than ZZ09 plants. Thus, combined infection induced severe root damage, reduced plant growth, reduced antioxidants, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared to single inoculation. However, the ZZ09 cultivar exhibited significantly stronger tolerance to combined infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Diseases and Their Management in Crop Plants)
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22 pages, 912 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Visual and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Assessments to Predict the Yield Tolerance of Wheat Genotypes to Root-Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus thornei
by Neil A. Robinson, Jason G. Sheedy and John P. Thompson
Agronomy 2024, 14(12), 3043; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14123043 - 20 Dec 2024
Viewed by 900
Abstract
Wheat breeding programs have selected genotypes that are tolerant to the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei by measuring grain yield in field plots on infested sites. However, quicker methods are desirable to increase the capacity to assess more breeding lines for tolerance without harvesting [...] Read more.
Wheat breeding programs have selected genotypes that are tolerant to the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei by measuring grain yield in field plots on infested sites. However, quicker methods are desirable to increase the capacity to assess more breeding lines for tolerance without harvesting grain. Two field experiments, time of sowing 1 (TOS1) and time of sowing 2 (TOS2), were conducted in the subtropical grain region of eastern Australia each year for eight years (sixteen experiments total) to characterize 396 wheat genotypes for tolerance when grown on high population densities of P. thornei. For each experiment, up to two visual tolerance ratings (TRs) and two normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) readings were recorded using a Greenseeker™ during crop growth, and grain yield was obtained at crop maturity. The results showed that both TR and NDVI were predictive of tolerance based on the grain yield of the wheat genotypes. Generally, higher genetic correlations between grain yield and each vegetative assessment method were obtained with TOS2 than with TOS1 each year. The vegetative methods for assessing P. thornei tolerance proved to be valuable surrogates when grain yield was unreliable for germplasms that were agronomically unadapted to the regional environment. Our study established that at high population densities of P. thornei only, NDVI is a high-throughput phenotypic measurement of tolerance that can be used to screen a range of genetically diverse genotypes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Diseases and Their Management in Crop Plants)
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14 pages, 2239 KiB  
Article
Efficiency of Vinasse Application on Root-Knot Nematodes in Soybean
by Maria Lúcia Tiburtino Leite, Fernandes Antonio de Almeida, Wéverson Lima Fonseca, Augusto Matias de Oliveira, Alan Mario Zuffo, Francisco Fernandes Pereira, Francisco de Alcântara Neto, Artur Franco Barreto, Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar, Rezanio Martins Carvalho, Samy A. Marey, Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira Gondim, Amr H. Hashem, Marcos Renan Lima Leite and Hamada AbdElgawad
Agronomy 2023, 13(11), 2719; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13112719 - 28 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1957
Abstract
Vinasse is not only effectively used in pest control but also creates a conducive environment for the growth of antagonistic microorganisms. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of vinasse applied via soil for the management of root-knot nematodes in soybean culture. [...] Read more.
Vinasse is not only effectively used in pest control but also creates a conducive environment for the growth of antagonistic microorganisms. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of vinasse applied via soil for the management of root-knot nematodes in soybean culture. The experimental design was entirely random, in a factorial scheme (2 × 6), consisting of two species of nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica, under vinasse application at five concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%) and one control (water), with five repetitions. Soybean plants Intacta cv. M-Soy 8644 IPRO were inoculated with 4000 eggs/juveniles of each species separately. At 60 days after the first application of vinasse, evaluations of parasitism and agronomic characteristics in soybean were performed. Stillage resulted in the highest average values for root volume and root fresh mass in plants inoculated with M. incognita, showing respective increases of 24.33% and 14.92% compared to plants inoculated with M. javanica. However, concentrations exceeding 60% had a detrimental effect on all agronomic variables of soybean. For parasitism, an interaction among the factors was observed, with a significant effect (p < 0.01) for most of the evaluated variables, except for the number of eggs in the soil. The concentration equivalent to 60% vinasse promoted a sharp reduction in parasitism for the two nematode species, making reproduction on plant roots unfeasible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Diseases and Their Management in Crop Plants)
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Review

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30 pages, 2537 KiB  
Review
Current Trends and Future Prospects in Controlling the Citrus Nematode: Tylenchulus semipenetrans
by Anil Baniya, Omar Zayed, Jiranun Ardpairin, Danelle Seymour and Adler R. Dillman
Agronomy 2025, 15(2), 383; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15020383 - 31 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1043
Abstract
Citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) is one of the dominant plant-parasitic nematodes in citrus-growing regions, resulting in an average yield loss between 10 and 30%. Tylenchulus semipenetrans is a sedentary semi-endoparasitic nematode that infects the roots of citrus trees, causing stunted growth, [...] Read more.
Citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) is one of the dominant plant-parasitic nematodes in citrus-growing regions, resulting in an average yield loss between 10 and 30%. Tylenchulus semipenetrans is a sedentary semi-endoparasitic nematode that infects the roots of citrus trees, causing stunted growth, reduced fruit yield, and poor fruit quality; collectively this pathology and thus the disease caused is referred to as the slow decline of citrus. Despite its huge importance, the citrus nematode is regarded as a neglected parasite, and most research focuses on biological control and integrated pest management. Advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of other plant-parasitic nematodes, such as sedentary endoparasites with biological similarities to citrus nematodes, can be leveraged to gain deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms of citrus nematodes. In this review, we examine the biology, and integrated pest management of citrus nematodes, and explore future research directions toward understanding the role of genomics, gene-editing tools, and the molecular mechanisms of host-seeking and effectors used by other plant-parasitic nematodes to cause infection, which can serve as a foundation for future work in citrus nematode management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Diseases and Their Management in Crop Plants)
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16 pages, 2490 KiB  
Review
Predacious Strategies of Nematophagous Fungi as Bio-Control Agents
by Mati Ur Rahman, Peng Chen, Xiuyu Zhang and Ben Fan
Agronomy 2023, 13(11), 2685; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13112685 - 25 Oct 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3620
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes significantly threaten agriculture and forestry, causing various diseases. They cause annual losses of up to 178 billion dollars worldwide due to their parasitism. Nematophagous fungi (NF) are valuable in controlling or reducing parasitic nematode diseases by killing nematodes through predatory behavior. [...] Read more.
Plant-parasitic nematodes significantly threaten agriculture and forestry, causing various diseases. They cause annual losses of up to 178 billion dollars worldwide due to their parasitism. Nematophagous fungi (NF) are valuable in controlling or reducing parasitic nematode diseases by killing nematodes through predatory behavior. This article summarizes the strategic approaches adopted by NF to capture, poison, or consume nematodes for food. NF are classified based on their attacking strategies, including nematode trapping, endoparasitism, toxin production, and egg and female parasitism. Moreover, extracellular enzymes such as serine proteases and chitinases also play an important role in the fungal infection of nematodes by disrupting nematode cuticles, which act as essential virulence factors to target the chemical constituents comprising the nematode cuticle and eggshell. Based on the mentioned approaches, it is crucial to consider the mechanisms employed by NF to control nematodes focused on the use of NF as biocontrol agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Diseases and Their Management in Crop Plants)
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