Targets, Volume 3, Issue 2

In West Africa, Paullinia pinnata (P. pinnata) alcohol leaf extracts are used to treat disorders such as depression and anxiety with no documented scientific justification. We have therefore evaluated the potential anxiolytic and antidepressant effec...

Gastrointestinal metastases of malignant melanoma are relatively common and pose significant challenges to clinical management due to their complex presentation and resistance to therapy. Early detection and a multidisciplinary treatment approach are...

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with only approximately 30% of new diagnoses manifesting with localized stages IA–IIA. Osimertinib is a third-generation inhibitor of the epidermal...

Pharmacological relevance: Ethnic people residing in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHTs) of Bangladesh use Pouzolzia sanguinea to alleviate flatulence, for menstruation, inflammation, insomnia, and analgesia. However, there is no scientific evidence re...

The liver is an essential metabolic organ that is involved in energy metabolism, protein synthesis, and detoxification. Many endogenous and exogenous factors can cause liver injury, a complex pathological condition. It poses a serious risk to human h...

Background: Obesity has been defined as a true worldwide “pandemic” by the World Health Organization and represents one of the major public health problems. It is associated with a reduction in life expectancy of about 7–8 years due...

Influenza viruses pose a significant threat to human health, and vaccination remains the most cost-effective and efficient strategy for controlling outbreaks. This review first introduces the molecular characteristics of influenza A virus (IAV) and e...

Background and Clinical Significance: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), also known as hydatid disease, is a zoonosis in whose life cycle humans can be an accidental intermediate host. The liver is the most commonly affected organ, with complications like c...

Air pollution, particularly from vehicular emissions, has emerged as a critical environmental health concern, contributing to a global estimated 7 million premature deaths annually. Diesel exhaust, a major component of urban air pollution, contains f...

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) plays a crucial role in multiple cellular processes and is implicated in different types of cancers and neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease. Despite extensive efforts to develop no...