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Article

Spatiotemporal Imbalance of Carbon Balance Pressure in Sichuan–Chongqing: Anthropogenic Emissions vs. Vegetation Sinks and Their Explanatory Factors

by
Jialing Jian
1,
Ping Kang
2,*,
Haopeng Feng
3,
Jia Li
1,
Ludan Li
2,
Yuan Shen
2 and
Yang Wang
1,*
1
College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2
Climate Change and Resource Utilization in Complex Terrain Regions Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
3
Aviation Meteorological Center Air Traffic Management Bureau, CAAC, Beijing 100122, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Earth 2026, 7(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/earth7010009
Submission received: 17 December 2025 / Revised: 7 January 2026 / Accepted: 9 January 2026 / Published: 11 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Special Issue Series: Young Investigators in Earth Science)
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Abstract

Regional green development requires balancing anthropogenic carbon emissions (CEs) with vegetation carbon sequestration (VCS). Using the CASA model and plant photosynthesis equation, we estimated VCS from net primary productivity (NPP) and proposed a Carbon Balance Pressure Index (CBPI) to quantify the imbalance between carbon sources and sinks. Spatial analysis and a geographic detector were applied to examine influencing factors of CBPI across Sichuan–Chongqing from 2001 to 2017. Results show that CE increased by 178%, while VCS rose by 27%. Regional CBPI thus enhanced from 0.35 to 0.76, aligning with CE trends. The CBPI presented a clear west-low (0–0.2, except Panzhihua), center-high (peak 3.1 in Chengdu), moderate-east (0.1–0.8) pattern. Geographic detector reveals that economic development and urbanization accounted for 80% of CBPI heterogeneity, followed by transportation (65%). Energy-intensive industries dominated developed areas, while construction-land expansion prevailed in developing regions. This study underscores region-specific emission-sink pathways and provides an empirical basis for differentiated low-carbon strategies in similar rapidly urbanizing regions in China.
Keywords: carbon emissions; vegetation carbon sequestration; Carbon Balance Pressure Index; green development carbon emissions; vegetation carbon sequestration; Carbon Balance Pressure Index; green development

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jian, J.; Kang, P.; Feng, H.; Li, J.; Li, L.; Shen, Y.; Wang, Y. Spatiotemporal Imbalance of Carbon Balance Pressure in Sichuan–Chongqing: Anthropogenic Emissions vs. Vegetation Sinks and Their Explanatory Factors. Earth 2026, 7, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth7010009

AMA Style

Jian J, Kang P, Feng H, Li J, Li L, Shen Y, Wang Y. Spatiotemporal Imbalance of Carbon Balance Pressure in Sichuan–Chongqing: Anthropogenic Emissions vs. Vegetation Sinks and Their Explanatory Factors. Earth. 2026; 7(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth7010009

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian, Jialing, Ping Kang, Haopeng Feng, Jia Li, Ludan Li, Yuan Shen, and Yang Wang. 2026. "Spatiotemporal Imbalance of Carbon Balance Pressure in Sichuan–Chongqing: Anthropogenic Emissions vs. Vegetation Sinks and Their Explanatory Factors" Earth 7, no. 1: 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth7010009

APA Style

Jian, J., Kang, P., Feng, H., Li, J., Li, L., Shen, Y., & Wang, Y. (2026). Spatiotemporal Imbalance of Carbon Balance Pressure in Sichuan–Chongqing: Anthropogenic Emissions vs. Vegetation Sinks and Their Explanatory Factors. Earth, 7(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth7010009

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