Skip to Content

Reactions, Volume 6, Issue 4

2025 December - 23 articles

  • Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list .
  • You may sign up for email alerts to receive table of contents of newly released issues.
  • PDF is the official format for papers published in both, html and pdf forms. To view the papers in pdf format, click on the "PDF Full-text" link, and use the free Adobe Reader to open them.

Articles (23)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,215 Views
14 Pages

13 December 2025

Biofuels offer potential to mitigate climate change, increase energy security, and economically support farmers around the world. Licuri (Syagrus coronata) could be an important biofuel feedstock because its kernel (edible seed) has high energy conte...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,889 Views
26 Pages

C–H Annulation in Azines to Obtain 6,5-Fused-Bicyclic Heteroaromatic Cores for Drug Discovery

  • Maria Carolina Theisen,
  • Isis Apolo Silveira de Borba,
  • Angélica Rocha Joaquim and
  • Fernando Fumagalli

10 December 2025

Fused-bicyclic heteroaromatic cores are a common framework in drugs and other biologically active compounds. Those containing azine rings are widely used in drug discovery campaigns. Although these cores are very common, C–H functionalization o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Organic Synthesis for Drug Discovery and Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,519 Views
15 Pages

Trivalent Chromium Electroplating Baths—The Inner-Sphere Complex Hypothesis

  • Julio C. Avalos,
  • Axel S. Martínez,
  • Eugenia Aldeco-Pérez,
  • Julieta Torres-González and
  • German Orozco

8 December 2025

There are 880 studies focused on trivalent chrome baths, and several studies suggest the formation of Cr(III)L(H2O)52+, where L is an additive such as oxalate. The literature suggests that this compound decreases the energy needed in the electrodepos...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2025)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,500 Views
12 Pages

8 December 2025

Azaoxyallyl cations, as novel and versatile three-atom components, have been widely utilized in cycloaddition reactions, with the competition between O- and N-cyclization pathways remaining a key research focus. This study investigates the mechanism...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cycloaddition Reactions at the Beginning of the Third Millennium, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,844 Views
15 Pages

Optimization and Kinetic Study of Palmitic Acid Esterification with Subcritical Methanol via Response Surface Methodology

  • Jie Luo,
  • Zhigang Que,
  • Ke Zhang,
  • Yinxuan Fu,
  • Xiaodi Cheng,
  • Rong Huang,
  • Jinming Shi,
  • Haiwei Jiang,
  • Xianbin Ai and
  • Chunbao Xu
  • + 2 authors

5 December 2025

Biodiesel is a green, low-carbon, and renewable fuel with the potential to substitute fossil fuels. The effects of reaction temperature (175–290 °C), residence time (5–75 min), and molar ratio of methanol to palmitic acid (6:1–3...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,031 Views
19 Pages

4 December 2025

The treatment of refractory nitrogenous organic matter in industrial wastewater management poses challenges in the removal of organic matter and nitrogen. To address these issues, this study utilized a novel composite hydrodynamic cavitator, mainly c...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2,640 Views
44 Pages

2 December 2025

Furo[3,2-b]pyrroles (FPs) are important members of the heteropentalene family. In particular, furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates (FPcs) are commonly used as versatile building blocks for the synthesis of a large library of FP derivatives. Their struct...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,205 Views
17 Pages

2 December 2025

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) remain a significant global health burden, exacerbated by the ongoing climate emergency, which alters disease distribution and increases vulnerability in affected populations. The urgent need for novel therapeutics...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Organic Synthesis for Drug Discovery and Development)
  • Editorial
  • Open Access
501 Views
2 Pages

1 December 2025

Catalysis remains the indispensable bedrock of modern industrial chemistry [...]

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traditional and Innovative Catalysts for Reactions of Industrial Interest)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,104 Views
25 Pages

Photocatalytic and Photo-Fenton-like Degradation of Methylene Blue Using Green-Synthesized Phosphate-Doped ZnO Under Visible LED Light

  • Soukaina Nehhal,
  • Majda Ben Ali,
  • Younes Abrouki,
  • Khalid Ofqir,
  • Yassine Elkahoui,
  • Najoua Labjar,
  • Hamid Nasrellah and
  • Souad El Hajjaji

28 November 2025

Water pollution caused by synthetic dyes is a major environmental concern due to their stability, toxicity, and resistance to conventional wastewater treatments. This study presents a sustainable approach for synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
986 Views
24 Pages

26 November 2025

A series of clay–spinel nanocomposites reinforced by tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) were prepared and examined for the esterification of oleic acid. The type of spinel (ZnAl2O4 and CuAl2O4) and the weight ratio of clay-to-spinel were evaluated. T...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,218 Views
13 Pages

15 November 2025

To explore new possibilities in topological materials, we designed a tetrafunctional crosslinker composed of a [c2]daisy-chain rotaxane framework. In this study, a novel topological network polymer was successfully synthesized via an addition reactio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,259 Views
16 Pages

Adsorption Kinetics and Pollutant Capture in Aqueous Media Using Biochar from Pyrolyzed Fique Pellets

  • Adriana M. Quinchia-Figueroa,
  • Nevis A. Ruiz Márquez,
  • Mariana Bustamante-Durango,
  • Mario A. Sánchez,
  • Juan C. Maya,
  • Roger Solano and
  • Farid Chejne

13 November 2025

Biochar has emerged as a promising adsorbent for removing organic pollutants from aqueous media, with its efficiency strongly influenced by the feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. In this study, biochar produced from fique pellets under controlled py...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,349 Views
14 Pages

Evaluating Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide as Chemical Treatment for Cellulose Extraction from Clitoria fairchildiana Pruning Residues

  • Mariana Barboza da Silva,
  • Rosana Reis de Lima Araújo,
  • Renata Maria Rosas Garcia Almeida,
  • Carlos Eduardo de Farias Silva,
  • Maria Regina Pereira Brandão,
  • Thiago de Menezes Bernardino,
  • Larissa Nascimento Lôbo,
  • Jeniffer Mclaine Duarte de Freitas and
  • Johnnatan Duarte de Freitas

6 November 2025

Lignocellulosic residues represent a promising source of raw material for obtaining several high-value bioproducts, including cellulose and derivatives. One of the main barriers to cellulose extraction from these residues is the presence of other com...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,077 Views
13 Pages

3 November 2025

Tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) has been supported on mesoporous silicas prepared using urea as the pore forming agent. The amount of urea (20, 30, or 40% w/w) influences the silica specific surface area (SBET), total pore volume (Vp), and average pore...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
6,228 Views
61 Pages

Transesterification/Esterification Reaction Catalysed by Functional Hybrid MOFs for Efficient Biodiesel Production

  • Luis P. Amador-Gómez,
  • Delia Hernández-Romero,
  • José M. Rivera-Villanueva,
  • Sharon Rosete-Luna,
  • Carlos A. Cruz-Cruz,
  • Enrique Méndez-Bolaina,
  • Elena de la C. Herrera-Cogco,
  • Rafael Melo-González,
  • Agileo Hernández-Gordillo and
  • Raúl Colorado-Peralta

1 November 2025

Biodiesel is an alternative, sustainable, renewable, and environmentally friendly energy source, which has generated interest from the scientific community due to its low toxicity, rapid biodegradability, and zero carbon footprint. Biodiesel is a bio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,825 Views
20 Pages

17 October 2025

This study investigates the efficiency of biocarbon derived from Prosopis juliflora shells in removing Astrazon pink dye from aqueous solutions. The biocarbon obtained from the thermochemical process was characterised using FTIR Spectroscopy, SEM mic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,487 Views
12 Pages

Unraveling the Electrochemical Reaction Mechanism of Bronze-Phase Titanium Dioxide in Sodium-Ion Batteries

  • Denis Opra,
  • Sergey Sinebryukhov,
  • Alexander Sokolov,
  • Andrey Gerasimenko,
  • Sviatoslav Sukhoverkhov,
  • Andrey Sidorin,
  • Alexandra Zavidnaya and
  • Sergey Gnedenkov

Searching anode materials is an important task for the development of sodium-ion batteries. In this regard, bronze-phase titanium dioxide, TiO2(B), has been considered as one of the promising materials, owing to its crystal structure with open channe...

  • Review
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,702 Views
41 Pages

Green Photocatalysis: A Comprehensive Review of Plant-Based Materials for Sustainable Water Purification

  • Safiya Mallah,
  • Mariam El Mchaouri,
  • Salma El Meziani,
  • Hafida Agnaou,
  • Hajar El Haddaj,
  • Wafaa Boumya,
  • Noureddine Barka and
  • Alaâeddine Elhalil

Green synthesis represents a sustainable, reliable, and eco-friendly approach for producing various materials and nanomaterials, including metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. This environmentally conscious method has garnered significant attention f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,482 Views
16 Pages

Regioselectivity of the Claisen Rearrangement of Meta- and Para-Substituted Allyl Aryl Ethers

  • William Thomas Möller,
  • Svava Dögg Hreinsdóttir,
  • Luis Antonio Arana and
  • Benjamín Ragnar Sveinbjörnsson

The regioselectivity of the Claisen rearrangement with different meta-substituted and meta- and para-substituted allyl phenyl ethers was investigated. The main results were that in meta-substituted Claisen rearrangements the regioselectivity depends...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,290 Views
16 Pages

Decolorization and Detoxification of Synthetic Dyes by Trametes versicolor Laccase Under Salt Stress Conditions

  • Thaís Marques Uber,
  • Danielly Maria Paixão Novi,
  • Luana Yumi Murase,
  • Vinícius Mateus Salvatori Cheute,
  • Samanta Shiraishi Kagueyama,
  • Alex Graça Contato,
  • Rosely Aparecida Peralta,
  • Adelar Bracht and
  • Rosane Marina Peralta

Fungal laccases are promising oxidative enzymes for bioremediation applications, particularly in the degradation of synthetic dyes present in industrial effluents. Here, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium sulfate...

(This article belongs to the Topic Green and Sustainable Catalytic Process)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,804 Views
10 Pages

With their considerable capacity and structurally favorable characteristics, layered transition metal oxides have become strong contenders for cathode use in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Nevertheless, their practical deployment is challenged by prono...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Reactions in 2025)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,956 Views
20 Pages

Ethylene and 1-butene Oligomerization with Benzimidazole Complexes of Nickel and Iron: A Case of Tandem Reaction

  • Nelson N. dos Santos,
  • Marcos F. Silva,
  • Alexandre F. Young,
  • Marcos L. Dias and
  • Mariana M. V. M. Souza

24 September 2025

The coordination chemistry of benzimidazole ligands combines σ donation and π backbonding. Owing to this electronic flexibility, benzimidazole ligands stabilize both electron deficient and electron-rich transition states in the catalytic cyc...

XFacebookLinkedIn
Reactions - ISSN 2624-781X