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Volume 11
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10.3390/fishes11100580
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Species-Specific Lipid Responses to Frozen Feed Storage Duration in Farmed Seahorses: A Preliminary Lipidomic Study

by
Tingting Lin
1,
Yu Wang
2,
Jingtao Liu
2,
Peng Gao
2,
Shuo Qin
2,
Yanming Sui
2,
Xinfeng Zhai
1,3,
Chenyin Wu
1,
Yuanhao Ren
1,
Siping Li
1 and
Chongming Shen
4,*
1
East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
2
College of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
3
College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 201306, China
4
Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Ningbo Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Fishes 2026, 11(10), 580; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11100580
Submission received: 11 September 2026 / Revised: 30 September 2026 / Accepted: 2 October 2026 / Published: 3 October 2026
(This article belongs to the Topic Blue Granary and Blue Transformation: Intelligent Stewardship and Sustainable Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture Ecosystems)
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Abstract

Frozen mysid shrimp is the primary feed for farmed medicinal seahorses, yet no standardized storage duration exists, and whether storage-related feed changes affect the lipid-based medicinal quality of seahorses remains unknown. This study used targeted lipidomics to compare 98 lipid species across six lipid classes in three farmed seahorse species—Hippocampus erectus, H. abdominalis, and H. trimaculatus—fed mysid shrimp frozen for either 2 or 10 months. Prolonged storage did not cause a uniform decline in lipid quality; instead, each species exhibited a distinct response pattern. H. erectus showed compensatory increases in fatty acids, whereas phospholipids predominantly decreased; H. abdominalis exhibited broad attenuation across multiple lipid classes; and H. trimaculatus displayed an intermediate, class-dependent pattern. Notably, oxidized sterol derivatives declined consistently across all three species despite divergent fatty acid and phospholipid responses, suggesting that oxidized sterol derivatives may serve as candidate cross-species indicators of storage-related feed changes, although validation is required. Acylcarnitine profiles remained stable in H. erectus but decreased in the other two species, suggesting possible differences in lipid utilization among species. These preliminary results suggest that frozen-storage guidelines may need to be evaluated on a species-specific basis in future studies, with sterol monitoring as a candidate indicator for further evaluation.
Keywords: seahorse; Hippocampus; frozen feed; lipidomics; sterol lipids; traditional Chinese medicine; species-specific quality control seahorse; Hippocampus; frozen feed; lipidomics; sterol lipids; traditional Chinese medicine; species-specific quality control
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MDPI and ACS Style

Lin, T.; Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Gao, P.; Qin, S.; Sui, Y.; Zhai, X.; Wu, C.; Ren, Y.; Li, S.; et al. Species-Specific Lipid Responses to Frozen Feed Storage Duration in Farmed Seahorses: A Preliminary Lipidomic Study. Fishes 2026, 11, 580. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11100580

AMA Style

Lin T, Wang Y, Liu J, Gao P, Qin S, Sui Y, Zhai X, Wu C, Ren Y, Li S, et al. Species-Specific Lipid Responses to Frozen Feed Storage Duration in Farmed Seahorses: A Preliminary Lipidomic Study. Fishes. 2026; 11(10):580. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11100580

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lin, Tingting, Yu Wang, Jingtao Liu, Peng Gao, Shuo Qin, Yanming Sui, Xinfeng Zhai, Chenyin Wu, Yuanhao Ren, Siping Li, and et al. 2026. "Species-Specific Lipid Responses to Frozen Feed Storage Duration in Farmed Seahorses: A Preliminary Lipidomic Study" Fishes 11, no. 10: 580. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11100580

APA Style

Lin, T., Wang, Y., Liu, J., Gao, P., Qin, S., Sui, Y., Zhai, X., Wu, C., Ren, Y., Li, S., & Shen, C. (2026). Species-Specific Lipid Responses to Frozen Feed Storage Duration in Farmed Seahorses: A Preliminary Lipidomic Study. Fishes, 11(10), 580. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11100580

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