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Methods and Protocols, Volume 8, Issue 5

October 2025 - 29 articles

Cover Story: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the management of hematologic malignancies, including B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple myeloma. Yet, most patients remain refractory or relapse after treatment. Resistance mechanisms involve CAR T-cell dysfunction, tumor-intrinsic alterations, an immunosuppressive microenvironment, manufacturing issues and patient-related factors. To address these challenges, novel strategies are emerging, such as engineering more functional allogeneic CAR T-cell products, targeting alternative tumor antigens and combining CAR T-cells with checkpoint inhibitors or small molecules to enhance their activity. This review provides an updated overview of the biological bases of CAR T-cell failure and the therapeutic approaches under development to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes. View this paper
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Articles (29)

  • Article
  • Open Access
980 Views
22 Pages

Parsing Glomerular and Tubular Structure Variability in High-Throughput Kidney Organoid Culture

  • Kristiina Uusi-Rauva,
  • Anniina Pirttiniemi,
  • Antti Hassinen,
  • Ras Trokovic,
  • Sanna Lehtonen,
  • Jukka Kallijärvi,
  • Markku Lehto,
  • Vineta Fellman and
  • Per-Henrik Groop

19 October 2025

High variability in stem cell research is a well-known limiting phenomenon, with technical variation across experiments and laboratories often surpassing variation caused by genotypic effects of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. Evaluation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
763 Views
27 Pages

Accelerated Screening of Wheat Gluten Strength Using Dual Physicochemical Tests in Diverse Breeding Lines

  • Mehri Hadinezhad,
  • Judith Frégeau-Reid,
  • Makayla Giles,
  • Jeremy Ballentine and
  • Brittany Carkner

18 October 2025

Introducing fast, reliable, and low-input technologies that utilize wholemeal wheat is essential for efficiently screening gluten quality in wheat breeding lines. Although the GlutoPeak Tester (GPT) has been widely studied for gluten assessment, its...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,005 Views
17 Pages

Standardized Methodology of Scaffold-Free and Scaffold-Based 3D Epithelial Spheroid Culture for Skin Regenerative Research

  • Mariana B. Ramos-Pinto,
  • Maria Leticia de Almeida Lança,
  • Cristiane H. Squarize and
  • Rogerio M. Castilho

16 October 2025

Background: Extensive skin injuries from severe burns or chronic non-healing ulcers overwhelm the body’s natural repair mechanisms, while current therapeutic approaches relying on autologous skin grafting are limited by donor site availability....

  • Protocol
  • Open Access
776 Views
11 Pages

A Paired Flow Cytometry–Pathology Assessment for Immune Cell Detection in Intestinal Biopsies: Proof of Principle

  • Alexandros Skamnelos,
  • Georgios S. Markopoulos,
  • Lefkothea Dova,
  • Ioulia Tragani,
  • Meropi Katsipaneli,
  • Dimitrios Christodoulou,
  • Konstantinos Katsanos and
  • Evangeli Lampri

16 October 2025

Accurate quantification of immune cell subpopulations is essential for understanding immune responses in research and clinical settings. Flow cytometry (FC) is widely used for immune cell phenotyping, providing rapid and quantitative single-cell reso...

  • Protocol
  • Open Access
1,785 Views
23 Pages

A Practical Guide to Developing and Troubleshooting Patient-Derived “Mini-Gut” Colorectal Organoids for Clinical Research

  • Rex Devasahayam Arokia Balaya,
  • Zahra Heydari,
  • Gobinda Sarkar,
  • Estela Mariel Cruz Garcia,
  • Jose M. de Hoyos-Vega,
  • Eugene Krueger,
  • Lauren Helgeson,
  • Alexander Revzin,
  • Alexandra Ros and
  • Akhilesh Pandey
  • + 1 author

11 October 2025

Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have emerged as powerful tools in personalized medicine applicable to both non-malignant conditions and to cancer, where they are increasingly used for personalized drug screening and precision treatment strategies in...

  • Protocol
  • Open Access
721 Views
10 Pages

Indicator Tubes: A Novel Solution for Monitoring Temperature Excursions in Biobank Storage

  • Patrick J. Catterson,
  • Tyler T. Olson,
  • Margaret B. Penno,
  • Steven P. Callahan and
  • Melissa V. Olson

3 October 2025

Maintaining the integrity of cryogenically preserved biological materials is critical, as even brief, undetected temperature excursions in storage can compromise sample viability. Existing monitoring systems may miss transient thaw–refreeze eve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,298 Views
12 Pages

3 October 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the placement accuracy and reproducibility of Surface Guided Radiotherapy (SGRT) compared with the conventional tattoo/laser method in patients undergoing radiotherapy for abdominal malignancies. A retrospective analysis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
691 Views
13 Pages

Performing Dual Glucose Clamp Experiments in Sedated Farm Swine: A Practical Method

  • Marc C. Torjman,
  • Winston C. Hamilton,
  • Katherine Dillon,
  • Channy Loeum and
  • Jeffrey I. Joseph

2 October 2025

The hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp technique is considered the gold standard for measuring insulin sensitivity in large animals. We developed a practical method for conducting concurrent glucose clamp experiments in a pair of sedated farm sw...

  • Study Protocol
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,545 Views
16 Pages

Antidepressant and Related Neurobiological and Neurophysiological Effects of Add-On Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Major Depressive Disorder with Residual Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial Protocol

  • Carmen Concerto,
  • Fabrizio Bella,
  • Cecilia Chiarenza,
  • Alessandro Rodolico,
  • Antonio Di Francesco,
  • Alessia Ciancio,
  • Stefania Lanzafame,
  • Riccardo Spigarelli,
  • Ludovico Mineo and
  • Antonino Petralia
  • + 6 authors

2 October 2025

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and disabling condition. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may improve symptoms by modulating neuroplastic and inflammatory mechanisms. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled tria...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,384 Views
14 Pages

Effects of Different Centrifugation Parameters on Equilibrium Solubility Measurements

  • Rita Szolláth,
  • Vivien Bárdos,
  • Marcell Stifter-Mursits,
  • Réka Angi and
  • Károly Mazák

2 October 2025

The bioavailability of a drug is closely linked to its solubility, making its early determination essential in drug development. The saturation shake-flask (SSF) method is the gold standard protocol for this, which includes a phase separation step&md...

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Methods Protoc. - ISSN 2409-9279