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Tomography
Volume 4
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10.18383/j.tom.2018.00006
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Article

Development of a Symmetric Echo-Planar Spectroscopy Imaging Framework for Hyperpolarized 13C Imaging in a Clinical PET/MR Scanner

by
Abubakr Eldirdiri
1,2,
Stefan Posse
3,4,5,
Lars G. Hanson
1,2,
Rie B. Hansen
1,
Pernille Holst
6,
Christina Schøier
6,
Annemarie T Kristensen
6,
Helle Hjorth Johannesen
7,
Andreas Kjaer
7,
Adam E. Hansen
7 and
Jan Henrik Ardenkjaer-Larsen
1,*
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
2
Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
3
Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
4
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
5
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
6
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
7
Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Tomography 2018, 4(3), 110-122; https://doi.org/10.18383/j.tom.2018.00006
Submission received: 6 June 2018 / Revised: 7 July 2018 / Accepted: 8 August 2018 / Published: 1 September 2018
Versions Notes

Abstract

Here, we developed a symmetric echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) sequence for hyperpolarized 13C imaging on a clinical hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging system. The pulse sequence uses parallel reconstruction pipelines to separately reconstruct data from odd-and-even gradient echoes to reduce artifacts from gradient imbalances. The ramp-sampled data in the spatiotemporal frequency space are regridded to compensate for the chemical-shift displacements. Unaliasing of nonoverlapping peaks outside of the sampled spectral width was performed to double the effective spectral width. The sequence was compared with conventional phase-encoded chemical-shift imaging (CSI) in phantoms, and it was evaluated in a canine cancer patient with ameloblastoma after injection of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate. The relative signal-to-noise ratio of EPSI with respect to CSI was 0.88, which is consistent with the decrease in sampling efficiency due to ramp sampling. Data regridding in the spatiotemporal frequency space significantly reduced spatial blurring compared with direct fast Fourier transform. EPSI captured the spatial distributions of both metabolites and their temporal dynamics in vivo with an in-plane spatial resolution of 5 × 9 mm2 and a temporal resolution of 3 seconds. Significantly higher spatial and temporal resolution for delineating anatomical structures in vivo was achieved for EPSI metabolic maps than for CSI maps, which suffered spatiotemporal blurring. The EPSI sequence showed promising results in terms of short acquisition time and sufficient spectral bandwidth of 500 Hz, allowing to adjust the trade-off between signal-to-noise ratio and encoding speed.
Keywords: hyperpolarization; echo-planar spectroscopic imaging; regridding; metabolic imaging; cancer; molecular imaging; PET/MRI; hyperPET hyperpolarization; echo-planar spectroscopic imaging; regridding; metabolic imaging; cancer; molecular imaging; PET/MRI; hyperPET

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MDPI and ACS Style

Eldirdiri, A.; Posse, S.; Hanson, L.G.; Hansen, R.B.; Holst, P.; Schøier, C.; Kristensen, A.T.; Johannesen, H.H.; Kjaer, A.; Hansen, A.E.; et al. Development of a Symmetric Echo-Planar Spectroscopy Imaging Framework for Hyperpolarized 13C Imaging in a Clinical PET/MR Scanner. Tomography 2018, 4, 110-122. https://doi.org/10.18383/j.tom.2018.00006

AMA Style

Eldirdiri A, Posse S, Hanson LG, Hansen RB, Holst P, Schøier C, Kristensen AT, Johannesen HH, Kjaer A, Hansen AE, et al. Development of a Symmetric Echo-Planar Spectroscopy Imaging Framework for Hyperpolarized 13C Imaging in a Clinical PET/MR Scanner. Tomography. 2018; 4(3):110-122. https://doi.org/10.18383/j.tom.2018.00006

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eldirdiri, Abubakr, Stefan Posse, Lars G. Hanson, Rie B. Hansen, Pernille Holst, Christina Schøier, Annemarie T Kristensen, Helle Hjorth Johannesen, Andreas Kjaer, Adam E. Hansen, and et al. 2018. "Development of a Symmetric Echo-Planar Spectroscopy Imaging Framework for Hyperpolarized 13C Imaging in a Clinical PET/MR Scanner" Tomography 4, no. 3: 110-122. https://doi.org/10.18383/j.tom.2018.00006

APA Style

Eldirdiri, A., Posse, S., Hanson, L. G., Hansen, R. B., Holst, P., Schøier, C., Kristensen, A. T., Johannesen, H. H., Kjaer, A., Hansen, A. E., & Ardenkjaer-Larsen, J. H. (2018). Development of a Symmetric Echo-Planar Spectroscopy Imaging Framework for Hyperpolarized 13C Imaging in a Clinical PET/MR Scanner. Tomography, 4(3), 110-122. https://doi.org/10.18383/j.tom.2018.00006

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