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Volume 12
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10.3390/bioengineering12040419
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Article

The Effect of Dental Implant Restoration on the Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Posterior Tooth Loss: A Pilot Study

by
Yuanli Zhang
1,2,
Chongzhi Yin
1,2,
Fei Chen
3,4,
Guizhi Zhang
1,2,
Po Hao
1,2,
Yongli Pu
1,
Haidong Teng
3,4,
Hong Huang
5 and
Zhan Liu
3,4,*
1
Department of Medical Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
2
Research Center of Oral Materials and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
3
Key Laboratory for Biomechanical Engineering of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
4
Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin Lingang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Yibin 644600, China
5
Department of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Bioengineering 2025, 12(4), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12040419
Submission received: 14 February 2025 / Revised: 9 April 2025 / Accepted: 11 April 2025 / Published: 14 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Engineering Technologies in Orthopaedic Research)
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Abstract

Currently, controversy persists over whether dental implant restoration exacerbates or alleviates temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This study aimed to analyze the impact of dental implant restoration on the biomechanics of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with posterior tooth loss. Ten healthy volunteers (Control group) and twenty patients with posterior tooth loss (preoperative in the Pre group and postoperative in the Post group) were recruited. Three-dimensional maxillofacial models of the maxilla, mandible, dentition, and articular discs were reconstructed. The von Mises, contact, and tensile stresses of the TMJ were analyzed. Before implant restoration, the stresses of the TMJ in the Pre group were considerably higher than those in the Control group, especially on the missing tooth side. After restoration, the stresses in the Post group decreased significantly, with a near-symmetrical distribution. Additionally, before restoration, the patients with TMD had the highest stresses of the TMJ, followed by those without TMD, and the Control group had the lowest. After restoration, the stress magnitudes in the patients with or without TMD returned to the normal range. In summary, dental implant restoration can significantly improve the asymmetric stress distribution of the TMJs, substantially reduce excessive stress caused by tooth loss, and alleviate or eliminate the symptoms related to TMDs.
Keywords: tooth loss; dental implants; temporomandibular joint (TMJ); temporomandibular disorders (TMDs); biomechanics; finite element analysis tooth loss; dental implants; temporomandibular joint (TMJ); temporomandibular disorders (TMDs); biomechanics; finite element analysis
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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, Y.; Yin, C.; Chen, F.; Zhang, G.; Hao, P.; Pu, Y.; Teng, H.; Huang, H.; Liu, Z. The Effect of Dental Implant Restoration on the Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Posterior Tooth Loss: A Pilot Study. Bioengineering 2025, 12, 419. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12040419

AMA Style

Zhang Y, Yin C, Chen F, Zhang G, Hao P, Pu Y, Teng H, Huang H, Liu Z. The Effect of Dental Implant Restoration on the Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Posterior Tooth Loss: A Pilot Study. Bioengineering. 2025; 12(4):419. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12040419

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Yuanli, Chongzhi Yin, Fei Chen, Guizhi Zhang, Po Hao, Yongli Pu, Haidong Teng, Hong Huang, and Zhan Liu. 2025. "The Effect of Dental Implant Restoration on the Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Posterior Tooth Loss: A Pilot Study" Bioengineering 12, no. 4: 419. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12040419

APA Style

Zhang, Y., Yin, C., Chen, F., Zhang, G., Hao, P., Pu, Y., Teng, H., Huang, H., & Liu, Z. (2025). The Effect of Dental Implant Restoration on the Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Posterior Tooth Loss: A Pilot Study. Bioengineering, 12(4), 419. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12040419

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