Next Article in Journal
XUV Transient Absorption Spectroscopy: Probing Laser-Perturbed Dipole Polarization in Single Atom, Macroscopic, and Molecular Regimes
Previous Article in Journal
Optical Klystron Enhancement to Self Amplified Spontaneous Emission at FERMI
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
Journals
Photonics
Volume 4
Issue 1
10.3390/photonics4010016
photonics-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share announcement thumb_up
...
textsms
...
Open AccessArticle

Experimental Evaluation of Impairments in Unrepeatered DP-16QAM Link with Distributed Raman Amplification

by
Xiaodan Pang
1,2,
Oskars Ozolins
1,
Atalla El-Taher
3,*,
Richard Schatz
2,
Gunnar Jacobsen
1,
Sergey Sergeyev
3 and
Sergei Popov
2
1
Networking and Transmission Laboratory, Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Kista SE-16425, Sweden
2
Optics and Photonics Division, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Kista SE-16440, Sweden
3
Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Photonics 2017, 4(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics4010016
Received: 13 January 2017 / Revised: 5 March 2017 / Accepted: 6 March 2017 / Published: 8 March 2017
View Full-Text Download PDF
Browse Figures

Abstract

The transmission impairments of a Raman amplified link using dual-polarization 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (DP-16QAM) are experimentally characterized. The impact of amplitude and phase noise on the signal due to relative intensity noise (RIN) transfer from the pump are compared for two pumping configurations: first-order backward pumping and bi-directional pumping. Experimental results indicate that with increased Raman backward pump power, though the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is increased, so is the pump-induced amplitude and phase noise. The transmission performance is firstly improved by the enhanced OSNR at a low pump power until an optimum point is reached, and then the impairments due to pump-induced noise start to dominate. However, the introduction of a low pump power in the forward direction can further improve the system’s performance. View Full-Text
Keywords: Raman amplification; coherent communications; fiber optics communications Raman amplification; coherent communications; fiber optics communications
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
SciFeed

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Pang, X.; Ozolins, O.; El-Taher, A.; Schatz, R.; Jacobsen, G.; Sergeyev, S.; Popov, S. Experimental Evaluation of Impairments in Unrepeatered DP-16QAM Link with Distributed Raman Amplification. Photonics 2017, 4, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics4010016

AMA Style

Pang X, Ozolins O, El-Taher A, Schatz R, Jacobsen G, Sergeyev S, Popov S. Experimental Evaluation of Impairments in Unrepeatered DP-16QAM Link with Distributed Raman Amplification. Photonics. 2017; 4(1):16. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics4010016

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pang, Xiaodan; Ozolins, Oskars; El-Taher, Atalla; Schatz, Richard; Jacobsen, Gunnar; Sergeyev, Sergey; Popov, Sergei. 2017. "Experimental Evaluation of Impairments in Unrepeatered DP-16QAM Link with Distributed Raman Amplification" Photonics 4, no. 1: 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics4010016

Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

1
Search more from Scilit
 
Search
Back to TopTop