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Volume 11
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10.3390/pr11010094
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Article

Electrochemical Characterization of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil Produced by Homogeneous Catalysis and Ultrasound

by
Lourdes Vital-López
1,†,
Flora Mercader-Trejo
2,†,
Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz
3,†,
Marco Antonio Zamora-Antuñano
4,†,
Aarón Rodríguez-López
2,†,
Jorge Eduardo Esquerre-Verastegui
4,†,
Neín Farrera Vázquez
4,† and
Raul García-García
5,*,†
1
Carrera de Mantenimiento Industrial, Universidad Tecnológica de Tamaulipas Norte, Reynosa 88680, Mexico
2
Directorate of Research, Technological Development and Graduate Programs, Universidad Politécnica de Santa Rosa Jauregui (UPSRJ), Querétaro 76220, Mexico
3
Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
4
Engineering Area and Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico de UVM (CIIDETEC-UVM), Universidad del Valle de México, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
5
Chemicals and Renewable Energies Division, Universidad Tecnológica de San Juan del Río, Querétaro 76800, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Processes 2023, 11(1), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010094
Submission received: 14 November 2022 / Revised: 14 December 2022 / Accepted: 23 December 2022 / Published: 29 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Energy Systems)
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Abstract

Biofuel production has increased significantly in several countries in recent decades. Different evaluation techniques are required for their characterization. The study measures the properties of the obtained biodiesel and a commercial diesel sample, using the techniques of open circuit potential, linear scanning voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The transesterification reaction between sunflower oil and methanol was carried out with ultrasound as the energy source. The determination of triglyceride conversion to biodiesel is performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), obtaining up to 99.79% with a yield of 93.40% at a transesterification temperature of 50 ∘C for 60 min with a methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1. The potassium hydroxide catalyst concentration was 1.0 g catalyst/100 g oil. The biodiesel samples generally showed open circuit potential (OCP) values less than 790 mV and stabilization time less than 120 s, Linear sweep voltammograms (LSV) show no reaction peaks with current densities on the order of NanoAmpere, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed a capacitive system with impedances on the order of MΩ cm2 at low frequency; This information could help characterize biofuels and other similar materials.
Keywords: biodiesel; sustainable fuels; conversion; electrochemical; impedance; voltammetry; potential biodiesel; sustainable fuels; conversion; electrochemical; impedance; voltammetry; potential

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vital-López, L.; Mercader-Trejo, F.; Rodríguez-Reséndiz, J.; Zamora-Antuñano, M.A.; Rodríguez-López, A.; Esquerre-Verastegui, J.E.; Farrera Vázquez, N.; García-García, R. Electrochemical Characterization of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil Produced by Homogeneous Catalysis and Ultrasound. Processes 2023, 11, 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010094

AMA Style

Vital-López L, Mercader-Trejo F, Rodríguez-Reséndiz J, Zamora-Antuñano MA, Rodríguez-López A, Esquerre-Verastegui JE, Farrera Vázquez N, García-García R. Electrochemical Characterization of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil Produced by Homogeneous Catalysis and Ultrasound. Processes. 2023; 11(1):94. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010094

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vital-López, Lourdes, Flora Mercader-Trejo, Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz, Marco Antonio Zamora-Antuñano, Aarón Rodríguez-López, Jorge Eduardo Esquerre-Verastegui, Neín Farrera Vázquez, and Raul García-García. 2023. "Electrochemical Characterization of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil Produced by Homogeneous Catalysis and Ultrasound" Processes 11, no. 1: 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010094

APA Style

Vital-López, L., Mercader-Trejo, F., Rodríguez-Reséndiz, J., Zamora-Antuñano, M. A., Rodríguez-López, A., Esquerre-Verastegui, J. E., Farrera Vázquez, N., & García-García, R. (2023). Electrochemical Characterization of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil Produced by Homogeneous Catalysis and Ultrasound. Processes, 11(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010094

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