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Volume 12
Issue 2
10.3390/plants12020372
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Article

Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Short-Rotation Willow Coppice Plantations in a Large-Scale Experiment in Eastern Canada

by
Patrick Benoist
1,
Adam Parrott
1,
Xavier Lachapelle-T.
2,
Louis-Clément Barbeau
2,
Yves Comeau
3,
Frédéric E. Pitre
1 and
Michel Labrecque
1,*
1
Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada
2
Groupe Ramo, 457 Rang du Ruisseau des Anges Sud, Saint-Roch-de-l’Achigan, QC J0K 3H0, Canada
3
Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2023, 12(2), 372; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020372
Submission received: 9 December 2022 / Revised: 6 January 2023 / Accepted: 7 January 2023 / Published: 13 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant-Based Technologies for Environmental Reclamation in Urban and Peri-Urban Areas: From Theory to Practice)
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Abstract

The treatment of leachate by vegetative filters composed of short-rotation willow coppice (SRWC) has been shown to be a cost-effective alternative to conventional and costly methods. However, few studies have considered the treatment capability of willow filters at a scale large enough to meet the industrial requirements of private landfill owners in North America. We report here on a field trial (0.5 ha) in which a willow plantation was irrigated with groundwater (D0) or aged leachate at two different loadings (D1 and D2, which was twice that of D1). Additionally, half of the D2-irrigated plots were amended with phosphorus (D2P). The system, which operated for 131 days, was highly efficient, causing the chemical oxygen demand concentration to drop significantly with the total removal of ammonia (seasonal average removal by a concentration of 99–100%). D2P efficacy was higher than that of D2, indicating that P increased the performance of the system. It also increased the willow biomass 2.5-fold compared to water irrigation. Leaf tissue analysis revealed significant differences in the concentrations of total nitrogen, boron, and zinc, according to the treatment applied, suggesting that the absorption capacity of willows was modified with leachate irrigation. These results indicate that the willow plantation can be effective for the treatment of landfill leachate in respect of environmental requirements.
Keywords: landfill leachate; short rotation willow coppice; Salix; ammonia and nitrogen removal landfill leachate; short rotation willow coppice; Salix; ammonia and nitrogen removal

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MDPI and ACS Style

Benoist, P.; Parrott, A.; Lachapelle-T., X.; Barbeau, L.-C.; Comeau, Y.; Pitre, F.E.; Labrecque, M. Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Short-Rotation Willow Coppice Plantations in a Large-Scale Experiment in Eastern Canada. Plants 2023, 12, 372. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020372

AMA Style

Benoist P, Parrott A, Lachapelle-T. X, Barbeau L-C, Comeau Y, Pitre FE, Labrecque M. Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Short-Rotation Willow Coppice Plantations in a Large-Scale Experiment in Eastern Canada. Plants. 2023; 12(2):372. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020372

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benoist, Patrick, Adam Parrott, Xavier Lachapelle-T., Louis-Clément Barbeau, Yves Comeau, Frédéric E. Pitre, and Michel Labrecque. 2023. "Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Short-Rotation Willow Coppice Plantations in a Large-Scale Experiment in Eastern Canada" Plants 12, no. 2: 372. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020372

APA Style

Benoist, P., Parrott, A., Lachapelle-T., X., Barbeau, L.-C., Comeau, Y., Pitre, F. E., & Labrecque, M. (2023). Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Short-Rotation Willow Coppice Plantations in a Large-Scale Experiment in Eastern Canada. Plants, 12(2), 372. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020372

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