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Universe, Volume 7, Issue 2

February 2021 - 25 articles

Cover Story: Gravity must obey quantum theory, as do all other interactions. The effects of fluctuations in quantum gravity have important consequences for cosmology. They determine the shape of the effective potential for scalar fields, which in turn are the crucial ingredients for the inflationary universe and for dynamical dark energy. Functional renormalisation permits a quantitative computation of the effects of fluctuations of the metric. If quantum gravity is a complete theory, valid for infinitely short distances, effective scalar potentials become flat for large field values. Inflation and dynamical dark energy arise in a natural way. The same computation also substantiates the successful quantum gravity prediction for the mass of the Higgs boson. View this paper
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Articles (25)

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
3,435 Views
76 Pages

17 February 2021

We compute the effective potential for scalar fields in asymptotically safe quantum gravity. A scaling potential and other scaling functions generalize the fixed point values of renormalizable couplings. The scaling potential takes a non-polynomial f...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,338 Views
10 Pages

16 February 2021

In this letter, we use a recent wormhole metric known as a ringhole [Gonzalez-Diaz, Phys. Rev. D 54, 6122, 1996] to determine the surface topology and the deflection angle of light in the weak limit approximation using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem (GBT)....

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,479 Views
15 Pages

15 February 2021

One of the most important effects of ionospheric heating by HF (high-frequency) waves is the generation of ELF/VLF (extremely low-frequency/very low-frequency) waves by modulated heating. An important limitation of amplitude modulation (AM) is its de...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,740 Views
10 Pages

Daytime Cloud Detection Method Using the All-Sky Imager over PERMATApintar Observatory

  • Mohammad Afiq Dzuan Mohd Azhar,
  • Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid,
  • Wan Mohd Aimran Wan Mohd Kamil and
  • Nor Sakinah Mohamad

9 February 2021

In this study, we explored a new method of cloud detection called the Blue-Green (B-G) Color Difference, which is adapted from the widely used Red-Blue (R-B) Color Difference. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of these two met...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,177 Views
18 Pages

Trapped Gravitational Waves in Jackiw–Teitelboim Gravity

  • Jeong-Myeong Bae,
  • Ido Ben-Dayan,
  • Marcelo Schiffer,
  • Gibum Yun and
  • Heeseung Zoe

7 February 2021

We discuss the possibility that gravitational fluctuations (“gravitational-waves”) are trapped in space by gravitational interactions in two dimensional Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity. In the standard geon (gravitational electromagnetic entity) approach,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,890 Views
30 Pages

Limits on Magnetized Quark-Nugget Dark Matter from Episodic Natural Events

  • J. Pace VanDevender,
  • Aaron P. VanDevender,
  • Peter Wilson,
  • Benjamin F. Hammel and
  • Niall McGinley

4 February 2021

A quark nugget is a hypothetical dark-matter candidate composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. Most models of quark nuggets do not include effects of their intrinsic magnetic field. However, Tatsumi used a mathematica...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,356 Views
11 Pages

Holocene Millennial-Scale Solar Variability and the Climatic Responses on Earth

  • Xinhua Zhao,
  • Willie Soon and
  • Victor M. Velasco Herrera

4 February 2021

The solar impact on Earth’s climate is both a rich and open-ended topic with intense debates. In this study, we use the reconstructed data available to investigate periodicities of solar variability (i.e., variations of sunspot numbers) and temperatu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,011 Views
12 Pages

4 February 2021

Recently, the secular pericentre precession was analytically computed to the second post-Newtonian (2PN) order by the present author with the Gauss equations in terms of the osculating Keplerian orbital elements in order to obtain closer contact with...

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Universe - ISSN 2218-1997