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Metabolites
Volume 12
Issue 9
10.3390/metabo12090858
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Systematic Review

Are Dental Caries Associated with Oxidative Stress in Saliva in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review

by
Yago Gecy de Sousa Né
1,
Deborah Ribeiro Frazão
1,
Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
1,
Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes
2,
Guido Marañón-Vásquez
3,
Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
4,
Lucianne Cople Maia
3 and
Rafael Rodrigues Lima
1,*
1
Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil
2
School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
3
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, RJ, Brazil
4
Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66075-110, PA, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metabolites 2022, 12(9), 858; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090858
Submission received: 30 June 2022 / Revised: 5 August 2022 / Accepted: 12 August 2022 / Published: 13 September 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Salivary Fingerprint in Metabolomics Era: Potential and Challenges)
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Abstract

This systematic review aimed to assess whether dental caries is associated with oxidative salivary stress. The searches were carried out in electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar, without restrictions on the date of publication and language. The acronym PECO was used, in which the participants (P) were children and adolescents exposed (E) to dental caries compared (C) to those without dental caries, with the outcome (O) of modulation of oxidative biochemical parameters. After the search retrieval, the duplicates were removed, and the articles were evaluated by title and abstract, following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, the papers were read and thoroughly assessed. After selection, the risk of bias assessment and qualitative synthesis were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assess the level of evidence. A total of 5790 studies were found, and 30 articles were considered eligible and were included for the qualitative synthesis and the level of evidence assessment. The studies showed an imbalance of the antioxidant and pro-oxidant parameters in individuals with dental caries, with primarily increases in both total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation. Most articles showed a low risk of bias, having comparability as the main issue. When exploring through GRADE, a very low level of evidence was found. It was possible to observe an association between oxidative stress and dental caries, showing a disbalance of antioxidants and pro-oxidants, but the evidence level was still very low.
Keywords: dental caries; saliva; oxidative stress; systematic review dental caries; saliva; oxidative stress; systematic review

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MDPI and ACS Style

de Sousa Né, Y.G.; Frazão, D.R.; Bittencourt, L.O.; Fagundes, N.C.F.; Marañón-Vásquez, G.; Crespo-Lopez, M.E.; Maia, L.C.; Lima, R.R. Are Dental Caries Associated with Oxidative Stress in Saliva in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022, 12, 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090858

AMA Style

de Sousa Né YG, Frazão DR, Bittencourt LO, Fagundes NCF, Marañón-Vásquez G, Crespo-Lopez ME, Maia LC, Lima RR. Are Dental Caries Associated with Oxidative Stress in Saliva in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review. Metabolites. 2022; 12(9):858. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090858

Chicago/Turabian Style

de Sousa Né, Yago Gecy, Deborah Ribeiro Frazão, Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt, Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes, Guido Marañón-Vásquez, Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez, Lucianne Cople Maia, and Rafael Rodrigues Lima. 2022. "Are Dental Caries Associated with Oxidative Stress in Saliva in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review" Metabolites 12, no. 9: 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090858

APA Style

de Sousa Né, Y. G., Frazão, D. R., Bittencourt, L. O., Fagundes, N. C. F., Marañón-Vásquez, G., Crespo-Lopez, M. E., Maia, L. C., & Lima, R. R. (2022). Are Dental Caries Associated with Oxidative Stress in Saliva in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review. Metabolites, 12(9), 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12090858

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