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Article

First Report of the Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima Fruit Extracts and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties

by
Badiaa Essghaier
1,*,
Nourchéne Toukabri
2,
Rihab Dridi
3,
Hédia Hannachi
4,
Inès Limam
5,
Filomena Mottola
6,
Mourad Mokni
2,
Mohamed Faouzi Zid
3,
Lucia Rocco
6,* and
Mohamed Abdelkarim
5
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El-Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
2
Unité de Mycologie, Laboratoire de Recherche Infections et Santé Publique LR18SP01, Service de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie, Hôpital La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
3
Laboratoire de Matériaux, Cristallochimie et Thermodynamique Appliquée, Department of Chimie, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El-Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
4
Laboratory of Vegetable Productivity and Environmental Constraint LR18ES04, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
5
Laboratory of Oncohematology, PRF of Oncohematology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
6
Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(9), 1585; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091585
Submission received: 31 March 2022 / Revised: 27 April 2022 / Accepted: 2 May 2022 / Published: 7 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Engineered Nanomaterials for Environmental and Health Applications)
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Abstract

Candida and dermatophyte infections are difficult to treat due to increasing antifungal drugs resistance such as fluconazole, as well as the emergence of multi-resistance in clinical bacteria. Here, we first synthesized silver nanoparticles using aqueous fruit extracts from Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima (L.). The characterization of the AgNPs by means of UV, XRD, FTIR, and TEM showed that the AgNPs had a uniform spherical shape with average sizes of 40–50 nm. The biosynthesized AgNPs showed high antioxidant activity when investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The AgNPs displayed strong antibacterial potential expressed by the maximum zone inhibition and the lowest MIC and MBC values. The AgNPs revealed a significant antifungal effect against the growth and biofilm of Candida species. In fact, the AgNPs were efficient against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Microsporum canis. The antifungal mechanisms of action of the AgNPs seem to be due to the disruption of membrane integrity and a reduction in virulence factors (biofilm and hyphae formation and a reduction in germination). Finally, the silver nanoparticles also showed important cytotoxic activity against the human multiple myeloma U266 cell line and the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Therefore, we describe new silver nanoparticles with promising biomedical application in the development of novel antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
Keywords: bio-synthetized silver nanoparticles; Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima (L.); antioxidants; antibacterial; anti-dermatophytes; cytotoxic activity bio-synthetized silver nanoparticles; Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima (L.); antioxidants; antibacterial; anti-dermatophytes; cytotoxic activity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Essghaier, B.; Toukabri, N.; Dridi, R.; Hannachi, H.; Limam, I.; Mottola, F.; Mokni, M.; Zid, M.F.; Rocco, L.; Abdelkarim, M. First Report of the Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima Fruit Extracts and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties. Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091585

AMA Style

Essghaier B, Toukabri N, Dridi R, Hannachi H, Limam I, Mottola F, Mokni M, Zid MF, Rocco L, Abdelkarim M. First Report of the Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima Fruit Extracts and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties. Nanomaterials. 2022; 12(9):1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091585

Chicago/Turabian Style

Essghaier, Badiaa, Nourchéne Toukabri, Rihab Dridi, Hédia Hannachi, Inès Limam, Filomena Mottola, Mourad Mokni, Mohamed Faouzi Zid, Lucia Rocco, and Mohamed Abdelkarim. 2022. "First Report of the Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima Fruit Extracts and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties" Nanomaterials 12, no. 9: 1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091585

APA Style

Essghaier, B., Toukabri, N., Dridi, R., Hannachi, H., Limam, I., Mottola, F., Mokni, M., Zid, M. F., Rocco, L., & Abdelkarim, M. (2022). First Report of the Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima Fruit Extracts and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties. Nanomaterials, 12(9), 1585. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12091585

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