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Brain Sciences, Volume 14, Issue 12

December 2024 - 137 articles

Cover Story: Research suggests parallels between eating disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in terms of mid-brain-mediated impulsivity and top-down executive dysfunction. In ADHD, amphetamines upregulate a system characterised by low dopaminergic tone, assisting in improving executive function. A similar process might be at play with eating disorders. In this double-blind randomised study, we examined the impact of dexamphetamine treatment for obesity on executive function. Fifty-two participants were randomised to treatment or control groups. The participants completed subjective and objective measures of executive function at baseline, during titration, at maintenance, and at follow-up. Mixed effects models showed no apparent effects of amphetamine treatment for obesity on executive function. View this paper
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Articles (137)

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,864 Views
10 Pages

19 December 2024

After more than 30 years since its inception, the utility of brain imaging for understanding and diagnosing mental illnesses is in doubt, receiving well-grounded criticisms from clinical practitioners. Symptom-based correlational approaches have stru...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,875 Views
13 Pages

Depression, Anxiety, and Neuropsychiatric Symptom Burden in a Longitudinal Cohort with Persistent Psychophysical Post-COVID Olfactory Dysfunction

  • Tiana M. Saak,
  • Jeremy P. Tervo,
  • Brandon J. Vilarello,
  • Patricia T. Jacobson,
  • Francesco F. Caruana,
  • Matthew D. A. Spence,
  • Liam W. Gallagher,
  • David A. Gudis,
  • Jeffrey N. Motter and
  • Davangere P. Devanand
  • + 1 author

19 December 2024

Background/Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is associated with a variety of neurologic deficits and impacts socialization decisions, mood, and overall quality of life. As a common symptom comprising the long COVID condition, persistent COVID-19...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,549 Views
11 Pages

Lifestyle and Environment Influence the Psychological Well-Being of Elderly Subjects in Italy

  • Simone Migliore,
  • Marco De Angelis,
  • Ilaria Di Pompeo,
  • Daniele Lozzi,
  • Martina Marcaccio and
  • Giuseppe Curcio

19 December 2024

Background/Objective: Aging is associated with both cognitive and physical decline. Some factors, such as lifestyle and environment, can significantly contribute to accelerating or slowing down the decline processes. Our study aimed to evaluate the i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,704 Views
21 Pages

One-Week Maternal Separation Caused Sex-Specific Changes in Behavior and Hippocampal Metabolomics of Offspring Rats

  • Meng-Chen Dong,
  • Yu-Xin Chen,
  • Xin-Ran Sun,
  • Ning Jiang,
  • Qi Chang,
  • Xin-Min Liu and
  • Rui-Le Pan

18 December 2024

To investigate the effects of one-week maternal separation (MS) on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in adolescent and adulthood as well as adult hippocampal metabolomics simultaneously in offspring female and male rats. In the MS group, newborn...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,582 Views
13 Pages

The Impact of Dexamphetamine Treatment for Obesity on Executive Function: A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Pilot Study

  • Antoinette Poulton,
  • Natalie Gauci,
  • Hazer Khalifa,
  • Emily J. Hibbert and
  • Alison S. Poulton

18 December 2024

Background: Amphetamines increase dopamine levels in mid-brain regions which, in turn, impact top-down executive function. Repeated exposure is linked to substance use disorders. Nonetheless, amphetamines are used to manage attention-deficit/hyperact...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,505 Views
14 Pages

18 December 2024

Antecedents: Executive functions (EFs) are the basis for establishing a goal and working towards that goal by coordinating thoughts and actions. EFs are fundamental to several aspects of daily life, specifically for academic performance. Aim: To anal...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,126 Views
20 Pages

The Effect of Processing Techniques on the Classification Accuracy of Brain-Computer Interface Systems

  • András Adolf,
  • Csaba Márton Köllőd,
  • Gergely Márton,
  • Ward Fadel and
  • István Ulbert

18 December 2024

Background/Objectives: Accurately classifying Electroencephalography (EEG) signals is essential for the effective operation of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI), which is needed for reliable neurorehabilitation applications. However, many factors in th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,795 Views
22 Pages

17 December 2024

Background/Objectives: Previous studies have examined the role of working memory in cognitive tasks such as syntactic, semantic, and phonological processing, thereby contributing to our understanding of linguistic information management and retrieval...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,288 Views
19 Pages

Body-Related Visual Biasing Affects Accuracy of Reaching

  • Claude Beazley,
  • Stefano Giannoni and
  • Silvio Ionta

17 December 2024

Background: Many daily activities depend on visual inputs to improve motor accuracy and minimize errors. Reaching tasks present an ecological framework for examining these visuomotor interactions, but our comprehension of how different amounts of vis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
6,215 Views
18 Pages

Exploring the Influence of Video Games on Self-Reported Spatial Abilities Among University Students

  • Reem M. AlWhaibi,
  • Afnan M. Aldhowayan,
  • Shahad M. Alshahrani,
  • Bayan S. Almadi,
  • Reham A. Alamer,
  • Fai M. Albaqami and
  • Eman M. Mortada

17 December 2024

Background: Video games are no longer just entertainment; they are increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance cognitive abilities, including spatial cognition. This skill is vital in academic disciplines, where strong spatial reasoning is...

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Brain Sci. - ISSN 2076-3425