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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 12
10.3390/app15126384
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Retraction of Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(2), 851.
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Retraction

RETRACTED: Romanzini et al. Water-Based Supplementation Technology for Grazing Cattle in the Tropics: A Large-Scale Commercial Case Study. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 851

by
Eliéder Prates Romanzini
1,2,*,
Vivienne McCollum
2,
Sarah Mcilveen
2,
Evandro Maia Ferreira
1,3,
William Luiz de Souza
1,4,
Marcelo Augusto Oliveira Castro
1,4,
Priscila Arrigucci Bernardes
1,5,
Ryan J. Batley
1,
Mark G. Trotter
1 and
Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa
1
1
Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University (CQU), Rockhampton 4701, Australia
2
DIT AgTech, Wilsonton 4350, Australia
3
Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418900, Brazil
4
Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884900, Brazil
5
Department of Animal Science and Rural Development, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040900, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(12), 6384; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126384
Submission received: 26 May 2025 / Accepted: 27 May 2025 / Published: 6 June 2025
Versions Notes
This journal retracts and removes the article titled, “Water-Based Supplementation Technology for Grazing Cattle in the Tropics: A Large-Scale Commercial Case Study” [1], cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding the unauthorized use of intellectual property presented within this article [1]. Adhering to our complaints procedure, the Editorial Office and Editorial Board conducted an investigation that confirmed that appropriate permission had not been obtained to publish certain content contained within this publication [1]. Given that this content was deemed to be central to the overall findings presented in this study, the Editorial Board, Editorial Office, and the authors have decided to retract and remove this article [1]. As such, the title, author information, and this retraction note will remain permanently available, and the article itself has been removed. This information has also been transmitted to relevant indexing organizations.
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the Applied Sciences journal.
The authors agreed to this retraction.

Reference

  1. Romanzini, E.P.; McCollum, V.; Mcilveen, S.; Ferreira, E.M.; Souza, W.L.d.; Castro, M.A.O.; Bernardes, P.A.; Batley, R.J.; Trotter, M.G.; Costa, D.F.A. RETRACTED: Water-Based Supplementation Technology for Grazing Cattle in the Tropics: A Large-Scale Commercial Case Study. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 851. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Romanzini, E.P.; McCollum, V.; Mcilveen, S.; Ferreira, E.M.; Souza, W.L.d.; Castro, M.A.O.; Bernardes, P.A.; Batley, R.J.; Trotter, M.G.; Costa, D.F.A. RETRACTED: Romanzini et al. Water-Based Supplementation Technology for Grazing Cattle in the Tropics: A Large-Scale Commercial Case Study. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 851. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 6384. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126384

AMA Style

Romanzini EP, McCollum V, Mcilveen S, Ferreira EM, Souza WLd, Castro MAO, Bernardes PA, Batley RJ, Trotter MG, Costa DFA. RETRACTED: Romanzini et al. Water-Based Supplementation Technology for Grazing Cattle in the Tropics: A Large-Scale Commercial Case Study. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 851. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(12):6384. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126384

Chicago/Turabian Style

Romanzini, Eliéder Prates, Vivienne McCollum, Sarah Mcilveen, Evandro Maia Ferreira, William Luiz de Souza, Marcelo Augusto Oliveira Castro, Priscila Arrigucci Bernardes, Ryan J. Batley, Mark G. Trotter, and Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa. 2025. "RETRACTED: Romanzini et al. Water-Based Supplementation Technology for Grazing Cattle in the Tropics: A Large-Scale Commercial Case Study. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 851" Applied Sciences 15, no. 12: 6384. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126384

APA Style

Romanzini, E. P., McCollum, V., Mcilveen, S., Ferreira, E. M., Souza, W. L. d., Castro, M. A. O., Bernardes, P. A., Batley, R. J., Trotter, M. G., & Costa, D. F. A. (2025). RETRACTED: Romanzini et al. Water-Based Supplementation Technology for Grazing Cattle in the Tropics: A Large-Scale Commercial Case Study. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 851. Applied Sciences, 15(12), 6384. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126384

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