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Volume 12
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10.3390/pathogens12091139
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Case Report

First Report of Food Poisoning Due to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Type B in Döner Kebab (Italy)

by
Angelo Romano
1,*,
Simona Carrella
1,
Sara Rezza
1,
Yacine Nia
2,
Jacques Antoine Hennekinne
2,
Daniela Manila Bianchi
1,
Francesca Martucci
1,
Fabio Zuccon
1,
Margherita Gulino
3,
Carmela Di Mari
3,
Teresa Zaccaria
4 and
Lucia Decastelli
1
1
National Reference Laboratory for Coagulase Positive Staphylococci including S. aureus, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10148 Turin, Italy
2
Laboratory for Food Safety, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
3
Azienda Sanitaria Locale TO5 di Chieri, Carmagnola, Moncalieri e Nichelino—Dipartimento di Prevenzione SC Igiene degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione, 10042 Nichelino, Italy
4
SC Microbiologia e Virologia Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2023, 12(9), 1139; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091139
Submission received: 10 August 2023 / Revised: 4 September 2023 / Accepted: 4 September 2023 / Published: 6 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens: From Virulence Factors and Toxins Genes to Antibiotic Resistance and Typing Schema by Classical Methods up to Whole-Genome Sequencing)
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Abstract

Staphylococcal food poisoning results from the consumption of food contaminated by staphylococcal enterotoxins. In July 2022, the Turin local health board was notified of a suspected foodborne outbreak involving six children who had consumed döner kebab purchased from a takeaway restaurant. The symptoms (vomiting and nausea) were observed 2–3 h later. A microbiological analysis of the food samples revealed high levels (1.5 × 107 CFU/g) of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS). The immunoassay detected a contamination with staphylococcal enterotoxins type B (SEB). The whole genome sequencing of isolates from the food matrix confirmed the staphylococcal enterotoxin genes encoding for type B, which was in line with the SEB detected in the food. This toxin is rarely reported in staphylococcal food poisoning, however, because there is no specific commercial method of detection. The involvement of enterotoxin type P (SEP) was not confirmed, though the corresponding gene (sep) was detected in the isolates. Nasal swabs from the restaurant food handlers tested positive for CPS, linking them to the likely source of the food contamination.
Keywords: foodborne poisoning outbreak; staphylococcal enterotoxins; SEB foodborne poisoning outbreak; staphylococcal enterotoxins; SEB

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MDPI and ACS Style

Romano, A.; Carrella, S.; Rezza, S.; Nia, Y.; Hennekinne, J.A.; Bianchi, D.M.; Martucci, F.; Zuccon, F.; Gulino, M.; Di Mari, C.; et al. First Report of Food Poisoning Due to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Type B in Döner Kebab (Italy). Pathogens 2023, 12, 1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091139

AMA Style

Romano A, Carrella S, Rezza S, Nia Y, Hennekinne JA, Bianchi DM, Martucci F, Zuccon F, Gulino M, Di Mari C, et al. First Report of Food Poisoning Due to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Type B in Döner Kebab (Italy). Pathogens. 2023; 12(9):1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091139

Chicago/Turabian Style

Romano, Angelo, Simona Carrella, Sara Rezza, Yacine Nia, Jacques Antoine Hennekinne, Daniela Manila Bianchi, Francesca Martucci, Fabio Zuccon, Margherita Gulino, Carmela Di Mari, and et al. 2023. "First Report of Food Poisoning Due to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Type B in Döner Kebab (Italy)" Pathogens 12, no. 9: 1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091139

APA Style

Romano, A., Carrella, S., Rezza, S., Nia, Y., Hennekinne, J. A., Bianchi, D. M., Martucci, F., Zuccon, F., Gulino, M., Di Mari, C., Zaccaria, T., & Decastelli, L. (2023). First Report of Food Poisoning Due to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Type B in Döner Kebab (Italy). Pathogens, 12(9), 1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091139

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