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Pathogens, Volume 11, Issue 12

December 2022 - 168 articles

Cover Story: Innate immune pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors (RLRs), and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), detect pathogens such as filoviruses and induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines and interferons as well as initiate cell death for host defense. Filoviruses modulate this response, causing increased viral replication, morbidity, and mortality. RLRs are the most well-characterized PRRs in filovirus infection; ebolaviruses and marburgviruses inhibit molecules in the RLR pathway and dampen the early immune response, allowing viral spread. Evidence suggests that other PRRs sense filovirus infection, though these interactions are not well defined. PRRs and cell death mechanisms may serve as therapeutic targets to eliminate the virus and reduce deadly inflammation. View this paper
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Articles (168)

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,059 Views
13 Pages

19 December 2022

Tau aggregation associates with multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and rare tauopathies such as Pick’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. The molecular and structural bas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,865 Views
13 Pages

An Insight into the Genome of Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Acanthamoeba

  • Chayan Sharma,
  • Sumeeta Khurana,
  • Amit Arora,
  • Alka Bhatia and
  • Amit Gupta

19 December 2022

Background: Acanthamoeba are amphizoic amoeba majorly responsible for causing Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE). Despite its ubiquitous nature, the frequency of infections is not high, probably due to the existe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,216 Views
11 Pages

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Canine Distemper Virus in Wildlife from Northern Italy

  • Tiziana Trogu,
  • Anna Castelli,
  • Sabrina Canziani,
  • Clara Tolini,
  • Maya Carrera,
  • Enrica Sozzi,
  • Davide Lelli,
  • Giovanni Tosi,
  • Laura Fiorentini and
  • Alessandra Di Donato
  • + 4 authors

19 December 2022

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a fatal, highly contagious disease found in wild and domestic carnivores. Several outbreaks have occurred in wildlife in Italy in recent years. This study aims to detect CDV in wildlife following the increasing mortali...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,673 Views
18 Pages

Evolution of Rabies Virus Isolates: Virulence Signatures and Effects of Modulation by Neutralizing Antibodies

  • Juliana Amorim Conselheiro,
  • Gisely Toledo Barone,
  • Sueli Akemi Taniwaki Miyagi,
  • Sheila Oliveira de Souza Silva,
  • Washington Carlos Agostinho,
  • Joana Aguiar and
  • Paulo Eduardo Brandão

19 December 2022

Lyssavirus rabies (RABV) is an RNA virus and, therefore, is subject to mutations due to low RNA polymerase replication fidelity, forming a population structure known as a viral quasispecies, which is the core of RNA viruses’ adaptive strategy....

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,681 Views
9 Pages

A Systemic Study of Subcellular Localization of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Proteins

  • Huixin Zhu,
  • Zitong Li,
  • Juan Bai,
  • Ping Jiang,
  • Xianwei Wang and
  • Xing Liu

17 December 2022

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a highly pathogenic enteric coronavirus, is regarded as one of the most severe porcine pathogens. To date, there are still no commercial vaccines or drugs that can provide full protection against the epidemic s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,026 Views
15 Pages

Type I Interferon Signaling Controls Gammaherpesvirus Latency In Vivo

  • Johannes Schwerk,
  • Lucas Kemper,
  • Kendra A. Bussey,
  • Stefan Lienenklaus,
  • Siegfried Weiss,
  • Luka Čičin-Šain,
  • Andrea Kröger,
  • Ulrich Kalinke,
  • Christopher M. Collins and
  • Samuel H. Speck
  • + 5 authors

17 December 2022

Gammaherpesviruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, are important human pathogens involved in lymphoproliferative disorders and tumorigenesis. Herpesvirus infections are characterized by a biphasic cycle...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,191 Views
10 Pages

Assessment of Risk of Exposure to Leishmania Parasites among Renal Disease Patients from a Renal Unit in a Sri Lankan Endemic Leishmaniasis Focus

  • Chandrani Menike,
  • Rajeewa Dassanayake,
  • Renu Wickremasinghe,
  • Maheeka Seneviwickrama,
  • Indika De Alwis,
  • Ahmed Abd El Wahed and
  • Shalindra Ranasinghe

16 December 2022

Leishmania donovani causes both cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (CL and VL) in Sri Lanka, where chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney transplant recipients’ (KTR) geographical areas overlap. This study aimed to determine the risk of expo...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,903 Views
14 Pages

Landscape of TB Infection and Prevention among People Living with HIV

  • Anca Vasiliu,
  • Rebecca Abelman,
  • Yousra Kherabi,
  • Antonia Morita Iswari Saktiawati and
  • Alexander Kay

16 December 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of mortality in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and contributes to up to a third of deaths in this population. The World Health Organization guidelines aim to target early detection and treatment of TB am...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,011 Views
15 Pages

Differential Role of Type 2 Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Tuberculosis in the Elderly versus Younger Adults

  • Blanca I. Restrepo,
  • Julia M. Scordo,
  • Génesis P. Aguillón-Durán,
  • Doris Ayala,
  • Ana Paulina Quirino-Cerrillo,
  • Raúl Loera-Salazar,
  • America Cruz-González,
  • Jose A. Caso,
  • Mateo Joya-Ayala and
  • Esperanza M. García-Oropesa
  • + 5 authors

16 December 2022

The elderly are understudied despite their high risk of tuberculosis (TB). We sought to identify factors underlying the lack of an association between TB and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly, but not adults. We conducted a case–control stud...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,134 Views
16 Pages

Dysbiosis in Head and Neck Cancer: Determining Optimal Sampling Site for Oral Microbiome Collection

  • Dheeraj Pandey,
  • Michal Szczesniak,
  • Julia Maclean,
  • Howard Chi Ho Yim,
  • Fan Zhang,
  • Peter Graham,
  • Emad M. El-Omar and
  • Peter Wu

16 December 2022

Recent research suggests that dysbiosis of the oral microbial community is associated with head and neck cancer (HNC). It remains unclear whether this dysbiosis causes chemo-radiotherapy (CRT)-related complications. However, to address this question,...

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Pathogens - ISSN 2076-0817