Dealloyed Nanoporous Gold-Based Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion

The unique bicontinuous porous structure and superior electrical conductivity of nanoporous gold (NPG) make it a highly promising material for energy storage and conversion. Although the number of articles on the study of NPG-based materials in energy fields has increased significantly in recent years, the collation and review of these articles are still lacking. Herein, we address this gap by reviewing recent research activities on dealloyed NPG for energy storage and conversion applications. Firstly, the typical dealloying process for forming NPG is introduced. Subsequently, NPG-based composite catalysts used to catalyze water splitting and fuel cells electrode reactions are presented. Afterward, the applications of NPG for different types of electrodes of supercapacitors (SCs) and batteries are discussed. Finally, the studies on NPG for catalyzing CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) are reviewed. In a word, the recent research progress of NPG-based materials is reviewed and the future research directions are outlined, laying the cornerstone for the preparation of more advanced energy storage and conversion devices in the future.