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10.3390/jpm11030205
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Article

Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Soft Tissue Malar Modifications after Zygomatic Valgization Osteotomy via Geometrical Descriptors

by
Elena Carlotta Olivetti
1,*,
Federica Marcolin
1,
Sandro Moos
1,
Alberto Ferrando
1,
Enrico Vezzetti
1,
Umberto Autorino
2,
Claudia Borbon
2,
Emanuele Zavattero
2,
Giovanni Gerbino
2 and
Guglielmo Ramieri
2
1
Department of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
2
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza HOSPITAL, 10129 Turin, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11(3), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11030205
Submission received: 28 January 2021 / Revised: 25 February 2021 / Accepted: 10 March 2021 / Published: 13 March 2021
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Abstract

Patients with severe facial deformities present serious dysfunctionalities along with an unsatisfactory aesthetic facial appearance. Several methods have been proposed to specifically plan the interventions on the patient’s needs, but none of these seem to achieve a sufficient level of accuracy in predicting the resulting facial appearance. In this context, a deep knowledge of what occurs in the face after bony movements in specific surgeries would give the possibility to develop more reliable systems. This study aims to propose a novel 3D approach for the evaluation of soft tissue zygomatic modifications after zygomatic osteotomy; geometrical descriptors usually involved in face analysis tasks, i.e., face recognition and facial expression recognition, are here applied to soft tissue malar region to detect changes in surface shape. As ground truth for zygomatic changes, a zygomatic openness angular measure is adopted. The results show a high sensibility of geometrical descriptors in detecting shape modification of the facial surface, outperforming the results obtained from the angular evaluation.
Keywords: 3D face analysis; geometrical descriptors; malar augmentation; zygomatic osteotomy; orthognathic surgery; soft tissue prediction 3D face analysis; geometrical descriptors; malar augmentation; zygomatic osteotomy; orthognathic surgery; soft tissue prediction

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MDPI and ACS Style

Olivetti, E.C.; Marcolin, F.; Moos, S.; Ferrando, A.; Vezzetti, E.; Autorino, U.; Borbon, C.; Zavattero, E.; Gerbino, G.; Ramieri, G. Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Soft Tissue Malar Modifications after Zygomatic Valgization Osteotomy via Geometrical Descriptors. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11030205

AMA Style

Olivetti EC, Marcolin F, Moos S, Ferrando A, Vezzetti E, Autorino U, Borbon C, Zavattero E, Gerbino G, Ramieri G. Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Soft Tissue Malar Modifications after Zygomatic Valgization Osteotomy via Geometrical Descriptors. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(3):205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11030205

Chicago/Turabian Style

Olivetti, Elena Carlotta, Federica Marcolin, Sandro Moos, Alberto Ferrando, Enrico Vezzetti, Umberto Autorino, Claudia Borbon, Emanuele Zavattero, Giovanni Gerbino, and Guglielmo Ramieri. 2021. "Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Soft Tissue Malar Modifications after Zygomatic Valgization Osteotomy via Geometrical Descriptors" Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 3: 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11030205

APA Style

Olivetti, E. C., Marcolin, F., Moos, S., Ferrando, A., Vezzetti, E., Autorino, U., Borbon, C., Zavattero, E., Gerbino, G., & Ramieri, G. (2021). Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Soft Tissue Malar Modifications after Zygomatic Valgization Osteotomy via Geometrical Descriptors. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(3), 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11030205

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