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Article

Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer

by
Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
1,2,*,†,
Nuria Barbarroja
2,*,†,
Lucas C. Pantaleão
3,
Laura M. López-Sánchez
2,
Susan E. Ozanne
3,
Bernabé Jurado-Gámez
2,
Enrique Aranda
2,4,
Chary Lopez-Pedrera
2,‡ and
Antonio Rodríguez-Ariza
2,4,‡
1
Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
2
Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
3
Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Welcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
4
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These contributed equally to this work.
‡
These contributed equally to this work.
J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11(2), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020111
Submission received: 21 December 2020 / Revised: 25 January 2021 / Accepted: 6 February 2021 / Published: 9 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Genetics and Genomics Research)
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Abstract

This study represents a novel proof of concept of the clinical utility of miRNAs from exhaled breath condensate (EBC) as biomarkers of lung cancer (LC). Genome-wide miRNA profiling and machine learning analysis were performed on EBC from 21 healthy volunteers and 21 LC patients. The levels of 12 miRNAs were significantly altered in EBC from LC patients where a specific signature of miR-4507, miR-6777-5p and miR-451a distinguished these patients with high accuracy. Besides, a distinctive miRNA profile between LC adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was observed, where a combined panel of miR-4529-3p, miR-8075 and miR-7704 enabling discrimination between them. EBC levels of miR-6777-5p, 6780a-5p and miR-877-5p predicted clinical outcome at 500 days. Two additional miRNA signatures were also associated with other clinical features such as stage and invasion status. Dysregulated EBC miRNAs showed potential target genes related to LC pathogenesis, including CDKN2B, PTEN, TP53, BCL2, KRAS and EGFR. We conclude that EBC miRNAs might allow the identification, stratification and monitorization of LC, which could lead to the development of precision medicine in this and other respiratory diseases.
Keywords: exhaled breath condensate; microRNA; lung cancer; biomarkers; personalized medicine exhaled breath condensate; microRNA; lung cancer; biomarkers; personalized medicine

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pérez-Sánchez, C.; Barbarroja, N.; Pantaleão, L.C.; López-Sánchez, L.M.; Ozanne, S.E.; Jurado-Gámez, B.; Aranda, E.; Lopez-Pedrera, C.; Rodríguez-Ariza, A. Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer. J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11, 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020111

AMA Style

Pérez-Sánchez C, Barbarroja N, Pantaleão LC, López-Sánchez LM, Ozanne SE, Jurado-Gámez B, Aranda E, Lopez-Pedrera C, Rodríguez-Ariza A. Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2021; 11(2):111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020111

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pérez-Sánchez, Carlos, Nuria Barbarroja, Lucas C. Pantaleão, Laura M. López-Sánchez, Susan E. Ozanne, Bernabé Jurado-Gámez, Enrique Aranda, Chary Lopez-Pedrera, and Antonio Rodríguez-Ariza. 2021. "Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer" Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 2: 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020111

APA Style

Pérez-Sánchez, C., Barbarroja, N., Pantaleão, L. C., López-Sánchez, L. M., Ozanne, S. E., Jurado-Gámez, B., Aranda, E., Lopez-Pedrera, C., & Rodríguez-Ariza, A. (2021). Clinical Utility of microRNAs in Exhaled Breath Condensate as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(2), 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020111

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