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10.3390/life13041043
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Background:
Systematic Review

Pramipexole Augmentation for Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by
Antonio Tundo
1,*,
Sophia Betro’
1,
Rocco de Filippis
1,
Fulvia Marchetti
1,
Daniele Nacca
1,
Roberta Necci
1 and
Marica Iommi
2
1
Istituto di Psicopatologia, Via Girolamo da Carpi, 1, 00196 Rome, Italy
2
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2023, 13(4), 1043; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13041043
Submission received: 2 February 2023 / Revised: 12 March 2023 / Accepted: 11 April 2023 / Published: 19 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue What Is New in Psychiatry and Psychopharmacology?)
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Abstract

Background: Pramipexole is a dopamine full agonist approved for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and restless legs syndrome. Its high affinity for the D3 receptor and neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity provides a rationale for the treatment of depression. In this paper, we review studies on the effectiveness and safety of antidepressant pramipexole augmentation in treatment-resistant depression. Methods: This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies on pramipexole–antidepressant augmentation included patients with resistant unipolar and bipolar depression. The primary outcome measure was the treatment response, measured at the study endpoint. Results: We identified 8 studies including 281 patients overall, 57% women and 39.5% with bipolar disorder and 60.5% with major depressive disorder. The mean follow-up duration was 27.3 weeks (range 8–69). The pooled estimate of treatment response was 62.5%, without significant differences between unipolar and bipolar depression. Safety was good, with nausea and somnolence the most frequent side effects. Conclusions: The findings of this systematic review, needing further confirmation, show that off-label use of pramipexole as augmentation of antidepressant treatment could be a useful and safe strategy for unipolar and bipolar treatment-resistant depression.
Keywords: pramipexole; treatment resistant depression; bipolar depression; unipolar depression; dopamine agonists; systematic review pramipexole; treatment resistant depression; bipolar depression; unipolar depression; dopamine agonists; systematic review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tundo, A.; Betro’, S.; de Filippis, R.; Marchetti, F.; Nacca, D.; Necci, R.; Iommi, M. Pramipexole Augmentation for Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life 2023, 13, 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13041043

AMA Style

Tundo A, Betro’ S, de Filippis R, Marchetti F, Nacca D, Necci R, Iommi M. Pramipexole Augmentation for Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life. 2023; 13(4):1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13041043

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tundo, Antonio, Sophia Betro’, Rocco de Filippis, Fulvia Marchetti, Daniele Nacca, Roberta Necci, and Marica Iommi. 2023. "Pramipexole Augmentation for Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Life 13, no. 4: 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13041043

APA Style

Tundo, A., Betro’, S., de Filippis, R., Marchetti, F., Nacca, D., Necci, R., & Iommi, M. (2023). Pramipexole Augmentation for Treatment-Resistant Unipolar and Bipolar Depression in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life, 13(4), 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13041043

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