Abstract
In this paper we investigate the weighted boundedness of generalized Marcinkiewicz integrals over multiple symmetric domains. Under the conditions , , we establish suitable weighted bounds for the integrals . These bounds are combined with Yano’s extrapolation argument to obtain the weighted boundedness of from the Triebel–Lizorkin space to the space under the weaker conditions . Our findings are essential improvements and extension of several known findings in the literature.
Keywords:
weighted Lp bounds; block space; generalized Marcinkiewicz operator; product domains; Triebel-Lizorkin space; extrapolation MSC:
42B35; 42B25; 42B20
1. Introduction
Let be a measurable mapping on satisfying
and
where ( or n) is the unit sphere in the Euclidean space equipped with the normalized spherical measure , and .
For and , consider the generalized Marcinkiewicz integral on defined by
where
When , we denote the operator by , which is basically the classical Marcinkiewicz integral on product spaces that was introduced by Ding in [1]. Precisely, Ding proved that is bounded on under the assumption , where is the space of all such that
Subsequently, many authors have investigated the boundedness of the operator over symmetric regions under various conditions on the kernel functions . For instance, in [2] the authors established the boundedness of on whenever . Further, they pointed out that, by adopting a similar argument as in [3], the condition is almost optimal in the sense that will lose the boundedness if is not in the space but in the space for any . The author of [4] proved that is of type for all if belongs to the block space , . Also, he showed that the condition is nearly optimal. For relevant results, one may consult [5,6,7,8,9,10,11], among others.
Here, indicates to the block space that was introduced by Jiang and Lu in [12] and defined as the following: a q-block on is an () function that satisfies the following: supp ; , where and
for some , and . The block spaces (for ) is defined by the following:
where each is a complex number, each is a q-block function supported in an interval , and
Let and each is a q-block function supported in an interval . Then is a norm on the block space and is a Banach space.
Let us now recall the definition of the homogeneous Triebel–Lizorkin space . For , and , the homogeneous Triebel–Lizorkin space is the collection of all tempered distributions on satisfying
where , , and , are radial functions satisfying the following:
- (i)
- , .
- (ii)
- .
- (iii)
- for all , for some bounded constant .
- (iv)
- For , ; and for , .
The following properties were proved in [13].
- (a)
- The Schwartz space is dense in .
- (b)
- If , then .
- (c)
- For , .
The study of the generalized Marcinkiewicz integral operator was initiated in [13] in which the authors obtained the boundedness of on for whenever . Recently, the authors of [14] employed an extrapolation argument of Yano in [15] to extend and improve all the above mentioned results. In fact, they established that
for all provided that belongs to the space or to the space . For recent advances concerning the operator , readers are referred to [16,17,18,19,20] and the references therein.
Let us recall the definition, as well as some pertinent properties, of certain classes of weights which will be relevant to our current study.
Definition 1.
A non-negative locally integrable mapping ω is said to be in the space with if there is a bounded positive number C such that for any cube with its sides are parallel to the coordinate axes, we have
and ω is said to be in if
where is the Hardy–Littlewood maximal function of ω.
Definition 2.
For , we say that if
where , are functions defined on and either or is decreasing, .
Definition 3.
For , let be the set of nonnegative locally integrable functions ω such that and .
Let be the weight class defined by exchanging the cubes in the definition of for all -dimensional intervals with sides parallel to coordinate axes [21]. The authors of [22] showed that . Further, it is well known that whenever , we have , which is the Muckenhoupt weighted space defined in [23]. Let us present the weight class given by (). This class of weights has the following properties:
- (1)
- For , we have .
- (2)
- If , then a number exists such that .
- (3)
- If , then there exists a positive number satisfying and .
- (4)
- For , if and only if , where denotes to the exponent conjugate of p.
The weighted space related to the weights is denoted by and is given by
In the same manner, the weighted homogeneous Triebel-Lizorkin space related to the weights is defined by the space of all tempered distributions satisfying
where , , p, , and are defined as above.
Recently, the weighted boundedness of was obtained in [24] for all under the assumption .
In view of the boundedness results of the generalized Marcinkiewicz integral obtained in [14] and the weighted boundedness results of the classical Marcinkiewicz integral in [24], it is natural to ask the following: Does the weighted boundedness of generalized Marcinkiewicz integral hold under the same conditions as in [14]?
Our main purpose in this paper is to answer the above question in the affirmative. Our main results are formulated as follows:
Theorem 1.
The proof of Theorem 1 will be given in Section 3.
The estimate in Theorem 1 along with Yano’s extrapolation argument (see [15,25]) leads to the following result.
Theorem 2.
Remark 1.
- (1)
- For any , , and , the following inclusions hold and are proper:
- (2)
- In [1], it was only proved the boundedness of whenever , , and . Hence, our results generalize and improve the results in [1].
- (3)
- For the special cases and , the authors of [7] proved that is bounded on for all if belongs to the space , . Therefore, since , then our results are natural extensions to the results in [7].
- (4)
- For the special cases and , the conditions and are the weakest known conditions in their particular classes, (see [2,4]).
- (5)
- The results in Theorem 2 with give the of for if . The same result was obtained in [24].
- (6)
- For the case , we observe that Theorem 2 generalizes Theorem 2.7 in [14].
Throughout this paper, the letter C stands for a positive constant that may vary at each occurrence, but it is independent of the essential variables.
2. Auxiliary Estimates
This section is devoted to giving some preliminary estimates that will play a significant role in proving the main results of this paper. Let , and consider the set of measures and its corresponding maximal operators and on given by
and
where , and is defined similarly as but is replaced by .
The following lemma is a special case of Lemma 2.2 in [24].
Lemma 1.
We notice that as a direct consequence of Lemma 1, we get that
for .
The next lemma is found in [26].
Lemma 2.
Let and . Then, we have
where C is a positive constant, , and is the total variation of .
Lemma 3.
Let , , and . Then for , , , and arbitrary set of functions on , there is such that
3. Proof of Theorem 1
Let and with . Suppose that , with . Then, Minkowski’s inequality gives
Choose a collection of mappings such that
where does not depend on q. Define two measures on and on by
where and . Therefore, we deduce that for ,
where
and
Hence, to complete the proof of Theorem 1, it is sufficient to find a positive number such that
for all .
If , then by employing Lemma 2 with and invoking Plancherel’s theorem, we get
where and . Therefore,
For the other cases, we invoke Lemma 3 to obtain
for all . Now, we consider three cases:
Case 1. . Choose and such that and . Hence, the estimate (16) leads to
which when combined with (15) gives that
for and .
Case 2. . Choose and such that , and , . Therefore,
which when combined with (15) gives that
for and .
4. Conclusions
In this work, we proved certain weighted estimates for a class of generalized Marcinkiewicz integrals whenever the kernel function belongs to the space , . By using these estimates and using Yano’s extrapolation argument, we obtained the boundedness of on spaces under the weak conditions on the kernel functions . The results in this paper extend and improve several known results on generalized Marcinkiewicz operators as those in [1,2,4,7,9,10,14,24]. In future work, we aim to prove the boundedness of from the weighted homogeneous Triebel-Lizorkin space to the weighted homogeneous Triebel-Lizorkin space .
Author Contributions
Methodology; writing—original draft preparation; investigation; and formal analysis: M.A. and H.A.-Q. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Data Availability Statement
The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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