Correction: Jia et al. Impact of Water pH and Cultivar on Lettuce Growth, Water Use Efficiency, and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Deep Water Culture Systems. Water 2025, 17, 2637

Xinhua Jia; Alexander Speck; Xiaoyu Feng; Chiwon W. Lee

doi:10.3390/w18020135

,

and

¹

Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA

²

Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Water2026, 18(2), 135;https://doi.org/10.3390/w18020135

This article belongs to the Section Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture

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In the original publication [1], the statement regarding statistical analyses using ChatGPT was not included in the “Materials and Methods” section. The acknowledgment for ChatGPT was incorrectly added to the Informed Consent Statement.

In the “Materials and Methods” section, add a new section titled “2.8. Other Tools” to disclose details on how the GenAI tool was used. The added content is as follows:

2.8. Other Tools

During the preparation of this manuscript, ChatGPT (OpenAI, GPT-4 and 5, September 2025) was primarily used for grammar checks. During the initial data screening, statistical analyses were performed to determine which data sets should be retained. However, the actual data analyses were conducted using Excel and SigmaPlot.

Delete the “Informed Consent Statement” section because the author mistakenly added the GenAI statement as the Informed Consent Statement. The deleted content is as follows:

Informed Consent Statement: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI, GPT-4, July 2025) for the purposes of text editing, grammar refinement, and verification of statistical analysis. The authors have reviewed and edited the output and take full responsibility for the content of this publication.

In the “Acknowledgments” section, add a new acknowledgment recipient, Jannatul Ferdaous Progga, and include the product details of the GenAI tool. The updated content is as follows:

Acknowledgments: The authors would like to acknowledge the administrative support provided by Frank Casey and the technical support provided by Dongqing Lin and Ademola Ajayi-Banji, and Jannatul Ferdaous Progga. Without their contributions, this project would not have been accomplished. During the preparation of this manuscript/study, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI, GPT-4 and GPT-5) for the purposes of grammar refinement. The authors have reviewed and edited the output and take full responsibility for the content of this publication.

The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

Jia, X.; Speck, A.; Feng, X.; Lee, C.W. Impact of Water pH and Cultivar on Lettuce Growth, Water Use Efficiency, and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Deep Water Culture Systems. Water 2025, 17, 2637. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

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Correction: Jia et al. Impact of Water pH and Cultivar on Lettuce Growth, Water Use Efficiency, and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Deep Water Culture Systems. Water 2025, 17, 2637

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