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Nutrients
Volume 13
Issue 5
10.3390/nu13051462
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Article

Hepatic Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Lack of Acsm3 Expression in Polydactylous Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia and Visceral Fat Accumulation

by
Kristýna Junková
1,
Lukáš F. Mirchi
1,
Blanka Chylíková
1,
Michaela Janků
1,
Jan Šilhavý
2,
Martina Hüttl
3,
Irena Marková
3,
Denisa Miklánková
3,
Josef Včelák
4,
Hana Malínská
3,
Michal Pravenec
1,2,
Ondřej Šeda
1 and
František Liška
1,2,*
1
Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
2
Department of Genetics of Model Diseases, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
3
Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic
4
Institute of Endocrinology, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2021, 13(5), 1462; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051462
Submission received: 26 February 2021 / Revised: 20 April 2021 / Accepted: 23 April 2021 / Published: 25 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Regulation of Lipid Metabolism and Health)
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Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. Its complex pathogenesis includes, on the one hand, sedentary lifestyle and high caloric intake, and, on the other hand, there is a clear genetic predisposition. PD (Polydactylous rat) is an animal model of hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and obesity. To unravel the genetic and pathophysiologic background of this phenotype, we compared morphometric and metabolic parameters as well as liver transcriptomes among PD, spontaneously hypertensive rat, and Brown Norway (BN) strains fed a high-fat diet (HFD). After 4 weeks of HFD, PD rats displayed marked hypertriglyceridemia but without the expected hepatic steatosis. Moreover, the PD strain showed significant weight gain, including increased weight of retroperitoneal and epididymal fat pads, and impaired glucose tolerance. In the liver transcriptome, we found 5480 differentially expressed genes, which were enriched for pathways involved in fatty acid beta and omega oxidation, glucocorticoid metabolism, oxidative stress, complement activation, triacylglycerol and lipid droplets synthesis, focal adhesion, prostaglandin synthesis, interferon signaling, and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways. Interestingly, the PD strain, contrary to SHR and BN rats, did not express the Acsm3 (acyl-CoA synthetase medium-chain family member 3) gene in the liver. Together, these results suggest disturbances in fatty acid utilization as a molecular mechanism predisposing PD rats to hypertriglyceridemia and fat accumulation.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome; high-fat diet; insulin resistance; hypertriglyceridemia; polydactylous rat; spontaneously hypertensive rat; liver transcriptome; Acsm3 metabolic syndrome; high-fat diet; insulin resistance; hypertriglyceridemia; polydactylous rat; spontaneously hypertensive rat; liver transcriptome; Acsm3

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MDPI and ACS Style

Junková, K.; Mirchi, L.F.; Chylíková, B.; Janků, M.; Šilhavý, J.; Hüttl, M.; Marková, I.; Miklánková, D.; Včelák, J.; Malínská, H.; et al. Hepatic Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Lack of Acsm3 Expression in Polydactylous Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia and Visceral Fat Accumulation. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1462. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051462

AMA Style

Junková K, Mirchi LF, Chylíková B, Janků M, Šilhavý J, Hüttl M, Marková I, Miklánková D, Včelák J, Malínská H, et al. Hepatic Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Lack of Acsm3 Expression in Polydactylous Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia and Visceral Fat Accumulation. Nutrients. 2021; 13(5):1462. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051462

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junková, Kristýna, Lukáš F. Mirchi, Blanka Chylíková, Michaela Janků, Jan Šilhavý, Martina Hüttl, Irena Marková, Denisa Miklánková, Josef Včelák, Hana Malínská, and et al. 2021. "Hepatic Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Lack of Acsm3 Expression in Polydactylous Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia and Visceral Fat Accumulation" Nutrients 13, no. 5: 1462. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051462

APA Style

Junková, K., Mirchi, L. F., Chylíková, B., Janků, M., Šilhavý, J., Hüttl, M., Marková, I., Miklánková, D., Včelák, J., Malínská, H., Pravenec, M., Šeda, O., & Liška, F. (2021). Hepatic Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Lack of Acsm3 Expression in Polydactylous Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia and Visceral Fat Accumulation. Nutrients, 13(5), 1462. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051462

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