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Sustainability
Volume 17
Issue 9
10.3390/su17093771
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Article

Nutritional Variations Among Amaranth Accessions Under Diverse Environmental Conditions in Malawi

by
Abel Sefasi
1,*,
Kingsley Masamba
2,
Mvuyeni Nyasulu
1,
Maurice Monjerezi
3,
Dickson Edwin Sithole
4,
Rowland Maganizo Kamanga
1,
Samson Katengeza
5 and
Charles Malidadi
6
1
Horticultural Department, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR), Lilongwe P.O. Box 219, Malawi
2
Food Science Department, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR), Lilongwe P.O. Box 219, Malawi
3
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Malawi (UNIMA), Zomba P.O. Box 280, Malawi
4
Crop and Soil Sciences Department, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR), Lilongwe P.O. Box 219, Malawi
5
Department of Agriculture and Applied Economics, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR), Lilongwe P.O Box 219, Malawi
6
Bvumbwe Agricultural Research Station, Department of Agricultural Research Services (DARS), Bvumbwe, Thyolo P.O. Box 5748, Malawi
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 3771; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093771
Submission received: 4 March 2025 / Revised: 31 March 2025 / Accepted: 8 April 2025 / Published: 22 April 2025
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Abstract

This study assessed the chemical composition of amaranth leaves from six different accessions (MN-BH-01, PE-UP-BH-01, PE-LO-BH-01, CK-BH-01, NU-BH-01, and LL-BH-04) grown in various locations in Malawi. Key nutritional traits, including crude protein, calcium, zinc, iron, and potassium content, were analyzed, revealing significant variability influenced by genotype–environment interactions. MN-BH-01 exhibited the highest protein, calcium, zinc, and potassium levels, making it a promising candidate for nutritional enhancement. PE-UP-BH-01 had elevated iron content, while LL-BH-04 showed superior crude protein in certain locations. Nutrient composition varied significantly across different environmental conditions, emphasizing the impact of these interactions on nutrient accumulation. Cluster analysis and AMMI analysis identified consistent accessions (MN-BH-01 and NU-BH-01) valuable for breeding nutrient-rich varieties. Farmers preferred NU-BH-01 for its flavor, yield, and marketability, while MN-BH-01 was less favored due to its bitterness. These findings offer valuable insights for developing climate-resilient and biofortified amaranth varieties, contributing to food security and nutrition in Malawi and similar regions.
Keywords: amaranth accessions; nutrient composition; genotype-by-environment interactions; protein content; cluster analysis amaranth accessions; nutrient composition; genotype-by-environment interactions; protein content; cluster analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sefasi, A.; Masamba, K.; Nyasulu, M.; Monjerezi, M.; Sithole, D.E.; Kamanga, R.M.; Katengeza, S.; Malidadi, C. Nutritional Variations Among Amaranth Accessions Under Diverse Environmental Conditions in Malawi. Sustainability 2025, 17, 3771. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093771

AMA Style

Sefasi A, Masamba K, Nyasulu M, Monjerezi M, Sithole DE, Kamanga RM, Katengeza S, Malidadi C. Nutritional Variations Among Amaranth Accessions Under Diverse Environmental Conditions in Malawi. Sustainability. 2025; 17(9):3771. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093771

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sefasi, Abel, Kingsley Masamba, Mvuyeni Nyasulu, Maurice Monjerezi, Dickson Edwin Sithole, Rowland Maganizo Kamanga, Samson Katengeza, and Charles Malidadi. 2025. "Nutritional Variations Among Amaranth Accessions Under Diverse Environmental Conditions in Malawi" Sustainability 17, no. 9: 3771. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093771

APA Style

Sefasi, A., Masamba, K., Nyasulu, M., Monjerezi, M., Sithole, D. E., Kamanga, R. M., Katengeza, S., & Malidadi, C. (2025). Nutritional Variations Among Amaranth Accessions Under Diverse Environmental Conditions in Malawi. Sustainability, 17(9), 3771. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093771

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