Sialic Acid Binding Properties of Soluble Coronavirus Spike (S1) Proteins: Differences between Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus
Institute of Virology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
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Viruses 2013, 5(8), 1924-1933; https://doi.org/10.3390/v5081924
Received: 14 June 2013 / Revised: 8 July 2013 / Accepted: 23 July 2013 / Published: 26 July 2013
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Arteriviruses and Coronaviruses)
Abstract
The spike proteins of a number of coronaviruses are able to bind to sialic acids present on the cell surface. The importance of this sialic acid binding ability during infection is, however, quite different. We compared the spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Whereas sialic acid is the only receptor determinant known so far for IBV, TGEV requires interaction with its receptor aminopeptidase N to initiate infection of cells. Binding tests with soluble spike proteins carrying an IgG Fc-tag revealed pronounced differences between these two viral proteins. Binding of the IBV spike protein to host cells was in all experiments sialic acid dependent, whereas the soluble TGEV spike showed binding to APN but had no detectable sialic acid binding activity. Our results underline the different ways in which binding to sialoglycoconjugates is mediated by coronavirus spike proteins. View Full-TextKeywords:
Coronavirus; spike protein; sialic acid receptor; TGEV; IBV
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Shahwan, K.; Hesse, M.; Mork, A.-K.; Herrler, G.; Winter, C. Sialic Acid Binding Properties of Soluble Coronavirus Spike (S1) Proteins: Differences between Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus. Viruses 2013, 5, 1924-1933.