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Volume 15
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10.3390/v15081680
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Article

Efficacy of Oral Remdesivir Compared to GS-441524 for Treatment of Cats with Naturally Occurring Effusive Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Blinded, Non-Inferiority Study

by
Emma Cosaro
1,*,
Jully Pires
2,
Diego Castillo
3,
Brian G. Murphy
3 and
Krystle L. Reagan
4
1
William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
2
Veterinary Center for Clinical Trials, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
3
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
4
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2023, 15(8), 1680; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081680
Submission received: 14 July 2023 / Revised: 28 July 2023 / Accepted: 29 July 2023 / Published: 1 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Coronaviruses: Infection, Prevention, and Antivirals)
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Abstract

Nucleoside analogs GS-441524 and remdesivir (GS-5734) are effective in treating cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). However, no studies have compared the efficacy between antiviral medications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered GS-442514 (12.5–15 mg/kg) compared to orally administered remdesivir (25–30 mg/kg) in a double-blinded non-inferiority trial. Eighteen cats with effusive FIP were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either GS-442514 or remdesivir. Cats were treated daily for 12 weeks and evaluated at week 0, 12, and 16. Survival and disease remission at week 16 were compared between groups. Five of 9 (55%) cats treated GS-441524 and 7/9 (77%) cats treated with remdesivir survived, with no difference in survival rate (p = 0.2). Remdesivir fulfilled the criteria for non-inferiority with a difference in survival of 22% (90% CI; −13.5–57.5%). Three of the 18 cats died within 48 h of enrollment. Excluding these cats, 5/6 (83%) of the cats treated with GS-441524 and 7/9 (77%) of the cats treated with remdesivir survived. These findings suggest that both orally administered GS-441524 and remdesivir are safe and effective anti-viral medications for the treatment of effusive FIP. Further optimization of the first 48 h of treatment is needed.
Keywords: FIPV; coronavirus; antiviral; feline coronavirus; therapy; nucleoside analog FIPV; coronavirus; antiviral; feline coronavirus; therapy; nucleoside analog

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cosaro, E.; Pires, J.; Castillo, D.; Murphy, B.G.; Reagan, K.L. Efficacy of Oral Remdesivir Compared to GS-441524 for Treatment of Cats with Naturally Occurring Effusive Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Blinded, Non-Inferiority Study. Viruses 2023, 15, 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081680

AMA Style

Cosaro E, Pires J, Castillo D, Murphy BG, Reagan KL. Efficacy of Oral Remdesivir Compared to GS-441524 for Treatment of Cats with Naturally Occurring Effusive Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Blinded, Non-Inferiority Study. Viruses. 2023; 15(8):1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081680

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cosaro, Emma, Jully Pires, Diego Castillo, Brian G. Murphy, and Krystle L. Reagan. 2023. "Efficacy of Oral Remdesivir Compared to GS-441524 for Treatment of Cats with Naturally Occurring Effusive Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Blinded, Non-Inferiority Study" Viruses 15, no. 8: 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081680

APA Style

Cosaro, E., Pires, J., Castillo, D., Murphy, B. G., & Reagan, K. L. (2023). Efficacy of Oral Remdesivir Compared to GS-441524 for Treatment of Cats with Naturally Occurring Effusive Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Blinded, Non-Inferiority Study. Viruses, 15(8), 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081680

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