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Article

Improved Performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 Assay with the Extended Set

by
Lydia Lamara Mahammed
1,
Kahina Bensaid
1,
Sarah Ait-Seddik
2,
Amel Larinouna
2,
Ghania Brahimi
2,
Rosa Belkaid
2,
Ouassila Hamzaoui
3,
Soumia Meriem Rouaki
4,
Cherifa Idder
4,
Ines Allam
1 and
Reda Djidjik
1,*
1
Immunology Department, Beni-Messous Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Algiers, Algiers 16000, Algeria
2
Epidemiology Department, Beni-Messous Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algiers 16000, Algeria
3
EPSP Cheraga Bouchaoui, Algiers 16000, Algeria
4
Occupational Medicine, Beni-Messous Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algiers 16000, Algeria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2023, 15(5), 1179; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15051179
Submission received: 17 April 2023 / Revised: 9 May 2023 / Accepted: 12 May 2023 / Published: 17 May 2023
(This article belongs to the Section SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19)
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Abstract

Multiple assays have been developed for the characterization of the functional activation of SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells. This study was conducted to assess the post-vaccination and post-infection T cell response, as detected by the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 assay using the combination of three SARS-CoV-2 specific antigens (Ag1, Ag2 and Ag3). An amount of 75 participants with different infection and vaccination backgrounds were recruited for the evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses. An elevated IFN-γ response in at least one Ag tube was observed in 69.2% of convalescent subjects and 63.9% of vaccinated ones. Interestingly, in a healthy unvaccinated case and three convalescents with negative IgG-RBD, we detected a positive QuantiFERON test after stimulation with Ag3. The majority of the T cell responders reacted simultaneously to the three SARS-CoV-2 specific antigens, and Ag3 demonstrated the highest rate of reactivity. At univariable analysis, the only factor that was associated with an absence of a cellular response was time from blood collection, being less than 30 days (OR:3.5, CI95% [1.15–10.50], p = 0.028). Overall, the inclusion of Ag3 improved the performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 and showed a particular interest among subjects who fail to achieve a measurable antibody response after infection or vaccination.
Keywords: QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; cellular immunity; vaccine QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; cellular immunity; vaccine

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lamara Mahammed, L.; Bensaid, K.; Ait-Seddik, S.; Larinouna, A.; Brahimi, G.; Belkaid, R.; Hamzaoui, O.; Rouaki, S.M.; Idder, C.; Allam, I.; et al. Improved Performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 Assay with the Extended Set. Viruses 2023, 15, 1179. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15051179

AMA Style

Lamara Mahammed L, Bensaid K, Ait-Seddik S, Larinouna A, Brahimi G, Belkaid R, Hamzaoui O, Rouaki SM, Idder C, Allam I, et al. Improved Performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 Assay with the Extended Set. Viruses. 2023; 15(5):1179. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15051179

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lamara Mahammed, Lydia, Kahina Bensaid, Sarah Ait-Seddik, Amel Larinouna, Ghania Brahimi, Rosa Belkaid, Ouassila Hamzaoui, Soumia Meriem Rouaki, Cherifa Idder, Ines Allam, and et al. 2023. "Improved Performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 Assay with the Extended Set" Viruses 15, no. 5: 1179. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15051179

APA Style

Lamara Mahammed, L., Bensaid, K., Ait-Seddik, S., Larinouna, A., Brahimi, G., Belkaid, R., Hamzaoui, O., Rouaki, S. M., Idder, C., Allam, I., & Djidjik, R. (2023). Improved Performance of the QuantiFERON-SARS-CoV-2 Assay with the Extended Set. Viruses, 15(5), 1179. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15051179

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