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Journal of Risk and Financial Management, Volume 19, Issue 8

2026 August - 99 articles

Cover Story: How can environmental performance be translated into a form suitable for financial risk analysis? This study introduces sovereign Dollar Environmental Financial Indices (DEFIs), constructed from fourteen World Development Indicators and scaled by economic capacity, together with a Global Dollar Environmental Financial Index (GDEFI). The framework links sustainability measurement with environmental beta estimation, risk-adjusted performance, mean-variance and CVaR allocation, factor analysis, and a conceptual environmental-derivatives framework. Across ten major economies, the results reveal substantial differences in systematic environmental exposure, resilience, downside risk, and common global factors, providing a quantitative bridge between environmental measurement and modern financial risk management. View this paper
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Articles (99)

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
645 Views
29 Pages

Climate risk has become a defining challenge for businesses, influencing strategic decision-making, organisational resilience, and long-term performance. Despite the rapid growth of research in this area, the intellectual development and thematic evo...

(This article belongs to the Collection Transformative Corporate Finance and Governance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
727 Views
29 Pages

Amid the massive digitization of financial flows, forensic accounting is emerging as a strategic lever to strengthen the prevention, detection, and control of financial irregularities. This study aims to examine the associations between forensic acco...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Analysis, Corporate Governance, and Firm Performance in Global Markets)
  • Article
  • Open Access
512 Views
27 Pages

This study examines whether earnings become less informative as firms near a first-time going concern audit opinion. The question is important because the going concern assumption underlies the measurement of earnings, and growing doubt about that as...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting Information and Capital Markets)
  • Article
  • Open Access
537 Views
35 Pages

We examine the impact of board gender diversity on the financial and operating performance of the banking sector in Egypt over the period 2016–2024. We document a clear upward trend in female board representation, particularly following regulat...

(This article belongs to the Section Banking and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
484 Views
39 Pages

Bank business models are commonly classified into fixed groups, although banks may simultaneously resemble multiple peers and these relationships may change over time. This study examines the evolution of ratio-based business model similarity among 2...

(This article belongs to the Section Banking and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
686 Views
36 Pages

After the global financial crisis, central banks used unconventional monetary policies, including quantitative easing (QE), to restore financial stability. Although several studies have analyzed the effects of these measures on financial markets, lim...

(This article belongs to the Section Banking and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
454 Views
21 Pages

Most audit fee studies treat the relationship between fees and client risk as symmetric. This study examines whether this assumption holds in the U.S. audit market using a first-difference specification on 4090 firm-year observations of U.S. listed c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Auditing, and Reporting Quality: Challenges Under Uncertainty Conditions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
415 Views
35 Pages

This article examines whether gender is associated with differences in trading style and performance in a simulated stock-market environment. It uses data from a four-hour CAC 40 trading simulation involving 133 second-year Management students, each...

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Markets)
  • Review
  • Open Access
412 Views
32 Pages

Public finance sustainability has become increasingly shaped by recurrent systemic shocks, yet the structure and evolution of research at the intersection of public finances and different types of crises remain insufficiently synthesized. This study...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability and Finance)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
359 Views
20 Pages

This paper analyzes the viability of Indian equity markets in response to global energy supply shocks. This study attempts to correct the missing-variable bias in earlier literature by using the USD-to-INR exchange rate as an exogenous explanatory va...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Sustainability Finance: Pathways to a Low-Carbon Economy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
415 Views
30 Pages

Management accounting systems (MASs) are essential to organisations because they provide high-quality information that supports planning and decision-making when it is relevant, timely and reliable. The effectiveness of MAS depends on the delivery of...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
543 Views
19 Pages

Among developed-market stock exchanges, the NZX is distinctive. Its imputation credit system and capital-gains-tax exemption create financial incentives for firms to distribute earnings that have no close parallel elsewhere, yet what actually drives...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Governance in Emerging Markets)
  • Article
  • Open Access
369 Views
30 Pages

This study examines how trust is associated with household commercial-insurance participation in China and separates two sources of variation that pooled estimates combine. Within-person change asks whether changes in the same respondent’s trus...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
416 Views
29 Pages

Green Versus Brown Assets Under Stress: Who Hedges Energy and Market Risk?

  • Chandan Kumar Tiwari,
  • Mohd Abass Bhat,
  • Shagufta Tariq Khan,
  • Indre Siksnelyte-Butkiene and
  • Hafiz M. Sohail

Sustainable finance increasingly treats green assets as instruments for climate-risk hedging; however, it remains unclear whether they protect investors during energy-market shocks and financial-market stress or merely transmit different transition,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Finance and Climate Risk)
  • Article
  • Open Access
554 Views
15 Pages

The rapid growth of Türkiye’s savings finance sector under Law No. 7292 has created demand for objective, multidimensional performance evaluation tools. This study assesses the financial performance of six savings finance companies in T&uu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Finance, Banking in Emerging Economies)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,211 Views
26 Pages

The Role of Digitization in Corporate Financial Performance: Evidence from GCC Banks

  • Rami Alzoubi,
  • Mayes R. Gharaibeh,
  • Ibrahim Saleh Al-Radaideh,
  • Ahmad Alomari,
  • Saleem Ibrahim Alzoubi and
  • Fawwaz Alrwabdah

Digitization is reshaping how banks operate, yet whether it improves corporate financial performance remains unsettled. This study examines how the digital transformation that banks disclose relates to the structure of their key financial performance...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Digitization in Corporate Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
524 Views
26 Pages

Towards Sustainable Financial Inclusion: A Comparative Study of Ensemble Architectures and SHAP-Based Explainability in Bank Loan Prediction

  • Htet Nge Nge Ko,
  • Aung Htoo Khine,
  • Shadab Kalhoro,
  • Maryam Kalhoro,
  • Mobashar Rehman and
  • Khalid Ahmed

As the retail banking sector shifts toward automated lending, the black-box nature of high-performing machine learning models remains a significant barrier to regulatory transparency and institutional trust. A critical gap in existing literature is t...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
396 Views
22 Pages

This study examines whether social ties within top management teams are associated with audit pricing. Drawing on research on organizational social networks and auditor risk assessment, I investigate whether connections between chief executive office...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
565 Views
27 Pages

The Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) extends mandatory, assured and standardised sustainability reporting to a European reporting population several times larger than that of its predecessor, on the premise that such disclosure is...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue ESG Integration in Financial Markets)
  • Article
  • Open Access
461 Views
22 Pages

This study examines the determinants of non-performing financing (NPF) using country-level Islamic banking system aggregates for the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with particular attention to the role of global economic policy uncerta...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Banking Profitability and Efficiency in Emerging Economies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
440 Views
55 Pages

Neuro-Symbolic Frameworks for Corporate Leverage and Debt Maturity: Evidence from Econometric and Machine Learning Models

  • Omar Shawkey,
  • Taha Mohamed Gaber,
  • Esmail Mohamed,
  • Ahmed Hassanein and
  • Yara Ibrahim

Forecasting corporate leverage adjustments remains challenging due to persistent financing behavior, firm heterogeneity, and changing macroeconomic conditions. This study investigates whether increasing model complexity improves the forecasting of co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Studies on Corporate Finance and Business Research, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
650 Views
19 Pages

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure has received increasing attention in capital markets as investors place greater emphasis on sustainability information alongside financial information when evaluating firms. In this study, the au...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Finance and Accounting in Times of Global Uncertainty: ESG, SDGs, and Digital Disruption)
  • Article
  • Open Access
365 Views
12 Pages

Ownership–control disparity, defined as the difference between controlling shareholders’ voting rights and cash-flow rights, is a distinctive feature of corporate governance in Korean business groups. Although prior studies have examined...

(This article belongs to the Collection Transformative Corporate Finance and Governance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
731 Views
29 Pages

Digitalisation is increasingly viewed as an instrument for narrowing the VAT gap in the European Union, yet the relative relevance of voluntary business digitalisation and mandatory administrative reporting remains unclear. This study distinguishes c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synergizing Accounting Practices and Tax Governance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
624 Views
28 Pages

In recent years, the banking system has been affected by several economic and financial shocks, increasing the importance of analyzing bank profitability and its determinants. This study examines bank profitability in selected Balkan countries over t...

(This article belongs to the Section Banking and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
391 Views
14 Pages

Given the rising global interest in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG), this paper investigates whether a company’s ESG news affects equity investors’ sentiment, addressing a gap in the relevant research. Interest in ESG investin...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
511 Views
23 Pages

This study investigates the impact of different cases of armed conflict on the US stock market. It examines whether the market reacts differently in cases of direct versus indirect US military involvement in the conflict and at the initiation or term...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geopolitical Risk and Global Finance)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
636 Views
22 Pages

The global energy sector is undergoing rapid and, in many respects, irreversible transformation driven by the convergence of digital disruption, sustainability mandates, and shifting investor expectations. Technologies such as artificial intelligence...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Finance and Accounting in Times of Global Uncertainty: ESG, SDGs, and Digital Disruption)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,022 Views
28 Pages

Digital technologies are increasingly adopted in corporate liquidity management, yet whether financial digitalization enables firms to achieve more effective working capital adjustment remains insufficiently understood. Financial shared services (FSS...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
537 Views
31 Pages

The present study investigates extreme co-movements and financial contagion across a broad set of global financial markets, including ten developed and emerging stock market indices, commodities (gold and oil), and cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin), over th...

(This article belongs to the Section Risk)
  • Article
  • Open Access
486 Views
17 Pages

This paper examines the relationship between revenue diversification, profitability, and risk in European banks, with particular emphasis on the structural break induced by the COVID-19 shock. Using quarterly supervisory data from the European Bankin...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Banking Stability and Management of Financial Institutions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
648 Views
25 Pages

This mixed-methods study examines the associations among fintech advancement, green finance, and financial inclusion in Jordan, an emerging economy. It draws on a distinctive three-part dataset: survey data from 21 commercial banks (N = 21), a nation...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Finance and Corporate Strategy: Challenges and Opportunities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
391 Views
21 Pages

Listening to the Fed: Vocal Signals Across Chairs and Risk-Related Communication

  • Ana Lorena Jiménez-Preciado,
  • Francisco Venegas-Martínez,
  • Cesar Gurrola-Ríos and
  • Ricardo Jacob Mendoza-Rivera

How does the Federal Reserve sound when it speaks? We measure the delivery of the Chair across 84 FOMC press conferences from 2011 to 2026, using Google’s Gemini 2.5 Flash to annotate 11,156 sixty-second segments spanning the Bernanke, Yellen,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI and Automation in Finance: Risk, Regulation, and Strategic Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
507 Views
26 Pages

Whereas existing approaches to financial regime detection calibrate thresholds to historical price-and-return statistics, we propose a framework built on immunisation: a particle filter whose observation model is calibrated to the distributional shap...

(This article belongs to the Section Mathematics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
671 Views
35 Pages

Background: Corporate energy transition can create efficiency, financing, and valuation benefits, but it also exposes firms to implementation, information, and transition risks. This study examines whether digital transformation helps firms convert e...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
510 Views
16 Pages

This study investigates whether Chinese sectoral stock returns respond heterogeneously to international oil price movements and whether such responses vary across crisis regimes. Using daily data from January 2015 to June 2026, we analyze ten major s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Geopolitical Risks (GR) and Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) on Financial Strategies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
614 Views
24 Pages

This paper develops a six-component diagnostic protocol for evaluating confidence-based selective prediction on autocorrelated financial labels, demonstrating it on VIX regime classification across 5000 trading days (July 2006–May 2026). The pr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI and Machine Learning for Credit Risk and Financial Distress Prediction)
  • Article
  • Open Access
399 Views
22 Pages

This study analyzes the relationship between digital disclosure of information on Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) factors, publicly verifiable environmental evidence, corporate responsibility, trust, and greenwashing risk in building const...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Risks and Returns of “Greenwashing”)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1,310 Views
51 Pages

Credit risk assessment forms a cornerstone of banking risk management and the stability of the wider financial system. Over the past decade, the rapid development of machine learning (ML) techniques has substantially enhanced traditional credit risk...

(This article belongs to the Section Risk)
  • Article
  • Open Access
773 Views
22 Pages

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now part of accounting systems, changing the way that accounting data is handled and the quality of the financial reporting. The impact of the qualifications of accountants and the adoption of AI has been studied separ...

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Technology and Innovation)
  • Review
  • Open Access
669 Views
16 Pages

Decentralised finance (DeFi) is a relatively new trend in finance that uses blockchain, smart contracts, and distributed ledger technology to offer financial services in a decentralised manner. Although scholars have made many theoretical advances in...

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Technology and Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
471 Views
24 Pages

This study investigates whether pandemic-induced fear undermines auditors’ professional judgment directly or through a more debilitating psychological mechanism—coronaphobia. We surveyed 146 audit partners and senior managers in Iran duri...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
563 Views
21 Pages

The decision-oriented conception of enterprise risk management (ERM), in which risks are quantified, aggregated, and weighed against return when business decisions are prepared, is increasingly regarded as the core of value-based management. In Germa...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Corporate Valuation: Integrating Risk and Uncertainty)
  • Article
  • Open Access
734 Views
22 Pages

Prolonged financial crises force households to adopt strategies intended to preserve wealth and support financial resilience. Among these strategies, physical gold has become an increasingly attractive safe-haven asset, yet limited evidence exists on...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue From Financial Fragility to Resilience: Households, Investors, and Small Businesses)
  • Article
  • Open Access
628 Views
30 Pages

A Sovereign Environmental Wealth Index: A Financial Framework for Measuring and Managing Sustainability Risk

  • Abootaleb Shirvani,
  • Mahshid Fahandezhsadi,
  • Svetlozar T. Rachev,
  • Thisari K. Mahanama and
  • Frank J. Fabozzi

The increasing importance of climate change, natural resource constraints, and sustainability-related risks has created a growing need for quantitative measures that connect environmental performance with economic and financial decision-making. Exist...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Finance and Energy Transition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,316 Views
22 Pages

Leverage and Firm Performance: New Evidence on the Moderating Role of Macroeconomic Conditions

  • Faiza Abdalla Sheikh Batoun and
  • Ayesha Mohamed Ali Abdulla Batoun

This study investigates the relationship between financial leverage and firm performance and examines the moderating role of macroeconomic conditions among GCC-listed firms. While prior studies have primarily focused on the direct effect of leverage...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
863 Views
23 Pages

Can the distress of a cryptocurrency be predicted from its market behavior, and is that predictability reliable when it matters most? Using daily data for 609 USD-quoted coins traded on Kraken between 2013 and 2025, we built a survivorship-inclusive...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Market Liquidity, Fintech Innovation, and Risk Management Practices)
  • Article
  • Open Access
599 Views
33 Pages

The study examined the relationship among climate finance (CF), Environmental Risk Accounting (ERA), and firm value for publicly listed non-financial firms in Nigeria and South Africa between 2010 and 2022. Using a carefully balanced panel sample con...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence, Corporate Governance, and Sustainable Value Creation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
582 Views
27 Pages

The sharp rise in nominal interest rates after 2022 constitutes a substantial test for European non-financial corporations after a prolonged period of exceptionally cheap debt. This paper examines how the cost of debt financing—proxied by the l...

(This article belongs to the Collection Transformative Corporate Finance and Governance)

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J. Risk Financ. Manag. - ISSN 1911-8074