Dementia Literacy and Willingness to Dementia Screening
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Location and Study Participants
2.2. Variables
2.3. Analysis
2.4. Ethics
3. Results
3.1. Factors Associated with Dementia Literacy
3.2. Willingness to Undergo Regular Dementia Screening and Dementia Literacy
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Questions | Answers | Correct Rate |
---|---|---|
Q1. In the following opinion, which one do you NOT agree? | 1-Dementia is a disease 2-Dementia is not a disease, it is a normal aging process 3-Dementia is common among older adults 4-Dementia does not mean disease, but rather refers to a variety of disease 5-I do not know | 28.4% |
Q2. Currently, among people aged older 65 years, one in how many persons are living with dementia? | 1-One in two persons 2-One in four persons 3-One in five persons 4-One in seven persons 5-I do not know | 22.7% |
Q3. In the following options, which one is likely to be a symptom of dementia? | 1-Headache 2-Faint 3-Dizziness 4-Bad memory 5-I do not know | 88.2% |
Q4. Which is the most common difficulty would people with dementia meet? | 1-Learning difficulty 2-Difficulty in work 3-Difficulty in self-care 4-All of above (all 1–3 options) 5-I do not know | 43.5% |
Q5. Which is the most common symptom of dementia? | 1-It is easier to forget the recent events than the past events 2-It is easier to forget the past events than the recent events 3-It is easy to forget both past events and recent events 4-None of above 5-I do not know | 61.5% |
Q6. Which of the following is NOT a symptom ofDementia? | 1-Easy to get lost 2-It cannot remember someone’s name 3-Often forget to return the things that they borrowed back 4-Do not forget their own things 5-I do not know | 58.8% |
Q7. If you or your family members get dementia, which doctor you would not seek for help? | 1-Neurosurgeon 2-Neurologist 3-Internist (General physician) 4-Psychologist 5-I do not know | 46.3% |
Q8. In the following opinions related to dementia, which one do you agree? | 1-Dementia is not a disease, treatment is not needed 2-Although dementia is a disease, treatment is not necessary 3-Dementia cannot be cured, treatment is not needed 4-Dementia is a disease, treatment is needed 5-I do now know | 71.8% |
Variables | High Literacy (n = 519) | Low Literacy (n = 256) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age | <0.001 | ||
65–74 years | 189 (80.1%) | 47 (19.9%) | |
75+ years | 330 (61.2%) | 209 (38.8%) | |
Gender | 0.52 | ||
Male | 252 (68.1%) | 118 (31.9%) | |
Female | 267 (65.9%) | 138 (34.1%) | |
Educational level | 0.005 | ||
Elementary school/junior high school | 78 (56.1%) | 61 (43.9%) | |
High school | 230 (69.1%) | 103 (30.9%) | |
University/post-graduate school | 210 (70.2%) | 89 (29.8%) | |
Missing | 1 (25.0%) | 3 (75.0%) | |
Family structure | 0.03 | ||
Living alone | 153 (60.7%) | 99 (39.3%) | |
Living with family members | 278 (69.9%) | 156 (30.1%) | |
Missing | 4 (80.0%) | 1 (20.0%) | |
Average number of information sources | 2.79 | 2.12 | <0.001 |
Cognitive impairments | 0.11 | ||
DASC-21 < 31 | 426 (68.7%) | 194 (31.3%) | |
DASC-21 ≥ 31 | 58 (58.6%) | 41 (41.4%) | |
Missing | 35 (62.5%) | 21 (37.5%) | |
Depressive symptoms | 0.004 | ||
GDS-5 < 2 | 372 (71.3%) | 150 (28.7%) | |
GDS-5 ≥ 2 | 137 (60.6%) | 89 (39.4%) | |
Missing | 10 (37.0%) | 17 (63.0%) | |
Frequency of chat with family/friends | 0.003 | ||
Almost everyday | 366 (71.1%) | 149 (28.9%) | |
2–3 times per week | 103 (60.2%) | 68 (39.8%) | |
1–2 times per month or less | 49 (55.7%) | 39 (44.3%) | |
Missing | 1 (100%) | 0 | |
Frequency of reading | 0.006 | ||
Almost everyday | 406 (69.8%) | 176 (30.2%) | |
Sometimes | 73 (62.4%) | 44 (37.6%) | |
Rarely | 40 (52.6%) | 36 (47.4%) |
Variables | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval |
---|---|---|
Age (year) | 0.94 | 0.91, 0.96 |
Gender | ||
Male | Ref. | |
Female | 0.87 | 0.60, 1.25 |
Educational level | ||
Elementary school/Junior high school | Ref. | |
High school | 1.07 | 0.66, 1.75 |
University/Post-graduate school | 1.03 | 0.62, 1.72 |
Family structure | ||
Living alone | Ref. | |
Living with family members | 1.41 | 0.96, 2.08 |
Dementia information sources | ||
Television/radio | 1.54 | 1.02, 2.34 |
Verbal information | 1.15 | 0.81, 1.65 |
Internet | 1.98 | 0.99, 4.00 |
Profession | 1.58 | 0.93, 2.69 |
Paper-based | 1.56 | 1.07, 2.29 |
Cognitive impairments | ||
DASC-21 < 31 | Ref. | |
DASC-21 ≥ 31 | 0.98 | 0.58, 1.64 |
Depressive symptoms | ||
GDS-5 < 2 | Ref. | |
GDS-5 ≥ 2 | 0.79 | 0.53, 1.18 |
Frequency of chat with family/friends | 1.12 | 0.86, 1.46 |
Frequency of reading | 1.25 | 0.81, 1.96 |
Reasons | % |
---|---|
Shameful to be diagnosed with dementia | 4.5 |
Fear of being diagnosed with dementia | 17 |
There is no cure for the disease | 9.5 |
Bothersome to visit clinic | 41.8 |
Economic burdens | 9.9 |
Annoyance to family members | 4.5 |
Do not know which doctor can be consulted | 31.5 |
Others | 26.2 |
Variables | Univariate Logistic | Multivariate Logistic |
---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Age (year) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 1.01 (0.98, 1.03) |
Gender | ||
Male | Ref. | Ref. |
Female | 1.12 (0.85, 1.49) | 1.19 (0.86, 1.65) |
Educational level | ||
Elementary school/Junior high school | Ref. | Ref. |
High school | 1.56 (1.03, 2.34) | 1.46 (0.90, 2.36) |
College/University | 1.47 (0.96, 2.19) | 1.49 (0.91, 2.43) |
Family structure | ||
Living alone | Ref. | Ref. |
Living with family members | 0.78 (0.58, 1.05) | 0.72 (0.51, 1.03) |
Dementia literacy | ||
Low | Ref. | Ref. |
High | 1.40 (1.02, 1.92) | 1.35 (0.94, 1.93) |
Cognitive impairment | ||
DASC-21 < 31 | Ref. | Ref. |
DASC-21 ≥ 31 | 1.10 (0.72, 1.67) | 1.12 (0.68, 1.84) |
Depressive symptoms | ||
GDS-5 < 2 | Ref. | Ref. |
GDS-5 ≥ 2 | 0.94 (0.68, 1.29) | 0.81 (0.54, 1.20) |
Having primary care physicians | ||
No | Ref. | Ref. |
Yes | 1.32 (0.81, 2.14) | 1.37 (0.78, 2.39) |
Self-rated health | ||
Fairy poor/poor | Ref. | Ref. |
Very good/good | 0.76 (0.54, 1.06) | 0.64 (0.42, 0.98) |
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Aihara, Y.; Maeda, K. Dementia Literacy and Willingness to Dementia Screening. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218134
Aihara Y, Maeda K. Dementia Literacy and Willingness to Dementia Screening. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(21):8134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218134
Chicago/Turabian StyleAihara, Yoko, and Kiyoshi Maeda. 2020. "Dementia Literacy and Willingness to Dementia Screening" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 8134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218134