Research Scenarios of Autonomous Vehicles, the Sensors and Measurement Systems Used in Experiments

Automated and autonomous vehicles are in an intensive development phase. It is a phase that requires a lot of modelling and experimental research. Experimental research into these vehicles is in its initial state. There is a lack of findings and standardized recommendations for the organization and creation of research scenarios. There are also many difficulties in creating research scenarios. The main difficulties are the large number of systems for simultaneous checking. Additionally, the vehicles have a very complicated structure. A review of current publications allowed for systematization of the research scenarios of vehicles and their components as well as the measurement systems used. These include perception systems, automated response to threats, and critical situations in the area of road safety. The scenarios analyzed ensure that the planned research tasks can be carried out, including the investigation of systems that enable autonomous driving. This study uses passenger cars equipped with highly sophisticated sensor systems and localization devices. Perception systems are the necessary equipment during the conducted study. They provide recognition of the environment, mainly through vision sensors (cameras) and lidars. The research tasks include autonomous driving along a detected road lane on a curvilinear track. The effective maintenance of the vehicle in this lane is assessed. The location used in the study is a set of specialized research tracks on which stationary or moving obstacles are often placed.