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Article

Overexpression of Abiotic Stress-Responsive Sscor413-1 Gene Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid)

by
Selvarajan Dharshini
1,
Thangavel Swathi
1,
L. Ananda Lekshmi
1,
Sakthivel Surya Krishna
1,
S. R. Harish Chandar
1,
Vadakkenchery Mohanan Manoj
1,
Jayanarayanan Ashwin Narayan
1,
Thelakat Sasikumar Sarath Padmanabhan
1,
Ramanathan Valarmathi
1,
Raja Arun Kumar
2,
Parasuraman Boominathan
3 and
Chinnaswamy Appunu
1,*
1
Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India
2
Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India
3
Department of Plant Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(20), 9868; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209868
Submission received: 23 August 2025 / Revised: 2 October 2025 / Accepted: 5 October 2025 / Published: 10 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

The cold-regulated (Cor413) gene family encodes plant-specific, multispanning transmembrane proteins that localize to the plasma and thylakoid membranes; these genes are regulated by environmental stimuli. In this study, the Cor413-1 gene, isolated from the drought and saline-tolerant wild species Saccharum spontaneum, was engineered into the elite sugarcane cultivar Co 86032 to produce a commercially superior cultivar with improved abiotic stress tolerance. Expression analysis of the Cor413-1 gene transgenic lines under drought and salinity stress exhibited distinct gene expression patterns. During stress conditions, transgenic events, such as Cor413-9 and Cor413-3, showed notable resilience to salt stress and had a high relative expression of the Cor413-1 gene and other stress-related genes. The evaluation of physiological parameters showed that under stress conditions, transgenic events experienced milder wilting and less cell membrane injury than the non-transgenic control. Transgenic lines also demonstrated elevated relative water content and better photosynthetic efficiency, with events like Cor413-10 and Cor413-12 showing exceptional performance. Biochemical analyses indicated elevated proline content, higher activity of enzymatic antioxidants such as sodium dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and a low level of malondialdehyde MDA production in the transgenic lines. Thus, demonstrating the potential of the Cor413-1 gene for developing multiple stress-tolerant cultivars.
Keywords: sugarcane; abiotic stress; Cor413-1 gene; improved antioxidant enzymes sugarcane; abiotic stress; Cor413-1 gene; improved antioxidant enzymes

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Dharshini, S.; Swathi, T.; Lekshmi, L.A.; Surya Krishna, S.; Harish Chandar, S.R.; Manoj, V.M.; Ashwin Narayan, J.; Sarath Padmanabhan, T.S.; Valarmathi, R.; Kumar, R.A.; et al. Overexpression of Abiotic Stress-Responsive Sscor413-1 Gene Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 9868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209868

AMA Style

Dharshini S, Swathi T, Lekshmi LA, Surya Krishna S, Harish Chandar SR, Manoj VM, Ashwin Narayan J, Sarath Padmanabhan TS, Valarmathi R, Kumar RA, et al. Overexpression of Abiotic Stress-Responsive Sscor413-1 Gene Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(20):9868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209868

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dharshini, Selvarajan, Thangavel Swathi, L. Ananda Lekshmi, Sakthivel Surya Krishna, S. R. Harish Chandar, Vadakkenchery Mohanan Manoj, Jayanarayanan Ashwin Narayan, Thelakat Sasikumar Sarath Padmanabhan, Ramanathan Valarmathi, Raja Arun Kumar, and et al. 2025. "Overexpression of Abiotic Stress-Responsive Sscor413-1 Gene Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid)" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 20: 9868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209868

APA Style

Dharshini, S., Swathi, T., Lekshmi, L. A., Surya Krishna, S., Harish Chandar, S. R., Manoj, V. M., Ashwin Narayan, J., Sarath Padmanabhan, T. S., Valarmathi, R., Kumar, R. A., Boominathan, P., & Appunu, C. (2025). Overexpression of Abiotic Stress-Responsive Sscor413-1 Gene Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(20), 9868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209868

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