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Article

Clonal Spreading of ST42 Staphylococcus haemolyticus Strains Occurs Possibly Due to fusB and tetK Resistant Genes and Capsule-Related Genes

by
Lee-Chung Lin
1,
Shih-Cheng Chang
1,2,
Yu-Hsiang Ou
1,
Tsui-Ping Liu
1 and
Jang-Jih Lu
1,2,3,*
1
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
2
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
3
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(7), 6198; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076198
Submission received: 9 February 2023 / Revised: 16 March 2023 / Accepted: 17 March 2023 / Published: 24 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance—New Insights 2.0)
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Abstract

Multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus is a frequent nosocomial invasive bacteremia pathogen in hospitals. Our previous analysis showed one of the predominant strains, ST42 originated from ST3, had only one multilocus sequence typing (MLST) variation among seven loci in SH1431; yet no significant differences in biofilm formation observed between ST42 and ST3, suggesting that other factors influence clonal lineage change. Whole genome sequencing was conducted on two isolates from ST42 and ST3 to find phenotypic and genotypic variations, and these variations were further validated in 140 clinical isolates. The fusidic acid- and tetracycline-resistant genes (fusB and tetK) were found only in CGMH-SH51 (ST42). Further investigation revealed consistent resistant genotypes in all isolates, with 46% and 70% of ST42 containing fusB and tetK, respectively. In contrast, only 23% and 4.2% ST3 contained these two genes, respectively. The phenotypic analysis also showed that ST42 isolates were highly resistant to fusidic acid (47%) and tetracycline (70%), compared with ST3 (23% and 4%, respectively). Along with drug-resistant genes, three capsule-related genes were found in higher percentage distributions in ST42 than in ST3 isolates. Our findings indicate that ST42 could become endemic in Taiwan, further constitutive surveillance is required to prevent the spread of this bacterium.
Keywords: Staphylococcus haemolyticus ST42; fusB; tetK; capsule related genes Staphylococcus haemolyticus ST42; fusB; tetK; capsule related genes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lin, L.-C.; Chang, S.-C.; Ou, Y.-H.; Liu, T.-P.; Lu, J.-J. Clonal Spreading of ST42 Staphylococcus haemolyticus Strains Occurs Possibly Due to fusB and tetK Resistant Genes and Capsule-Related Genes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 6198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076198

AMA Style

Lin L-C, Chang S-C, Ou Y-H, Liu T-P, Lu J-J. Clonal Spreading of ST42 Staphylococcus haemolyticus Strains Occurs Possibly Due to fusB and tetK Resistant Genes and Capsule-Related Genes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(7):6198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076198

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lin, Lee-Chung, Shih-Cheng Chang, Yu-Hsiang Ou, Tsui-Ping Liu, and Jang-Jih Lu. 2023. "Clonal Spreading of ST42 Staphylococcus haemolyticus Strains Occurs Possibly Due to fusB and tetK Resistant Genes and Capsule-Related Genes" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7: 6198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076198

APA Style

Lin, L.-C., Chang, S.-C., Ou, Y.-H., Liu, T.-P., & Lu, J.-J. (2023). Clonal Spreading of ST42 Staphylococcus haemolyticus Strains Occurs Possibly Due to fusB and tetK Resistant Genes and Capsule-Related Genes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(7), 6198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076198

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