A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a Timing Mechanism for Setting Up the Vertebrate Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis
Abstract
:1. Introduction: Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas
2. Wolpert’s ‘Progress Zone’ Model
3. The Vertebrate A-P Axis Is Also Generated in A Timed Manner
4. What Is the Nature of the Vertebrate Axial Timing Mechanism?
5. Do P-D Limb Patterning and A-P Body Axis Patterning Have A Common Basis?
6. Questions for the Future
7. Hearty Congratulations to Lewis on These Important Anniversaries
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | A-P Main Axis | PD-AP Limb |
---|---|---|
Morphogens | ||
FGF | + (Hox6) | + (AER) |
Retinoid | + (Hox1) | + (proximal) |
Wnt | + | + |
BMP | + Axis connection D-V-A-P | + Axis connection D-V-P-D |
Chromatin | ||
Histone acetylation | + | + |
Hox genes | + (1–13) TC,SC. | + (9–13) TC, SC. |
Timer | + | + |
Stage dependence | Early anterior | Early proximal |
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Durston, A.J. A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a Timing Mechanism for Setting Up the Vertebrate Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072552
Durston AJ. A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a Timing Mechanism for Setting Up the Vertebrate Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(7):2552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072552
Chicago/Turabian StyleDurston, Antony J. 2020. "A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a Timing Mechanism for Setting Up the Vertebrate Anterior-Posterior (A-P) Axis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 7: 2552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072552